烹晾狼叛蕊寝徐护两辽伪省谴
Chapter One Invitations to Linguistics
1.1 Introduction to linguistics_习题
1、单选题：
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A: Language consists of the systems of sounds and grammar.
B: Language is instrumental.
C: Language is social and conventional.
D: Language is a system of symbols.
答案: Language consists of the systems of sounds and grammar.
2、单选题：
The scope of linguistic study may be generally divided into ______________.
A: descriptive linguistics and prescriptive linguistics
B: sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics
C: phonetics and phonology
D: interlinguistic study and extralinguistic study
答案: interlinguistic study and extralinguistic study
3、单选题：
Saussure made the distinction between _______________.
A: langue and parole
B: competence and performance
C: theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics
D: comparative linguistics and historical linguistics
答案: langue and parole
4、单选题：
Chomsky made the distinction between _______________.
A: langue and parole
B: competence and performance
C: diachronic linguistics and synchronic linguistics
D: comparative linguistics and historical linguistics
答案: competence and performance
5、单选题：
As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for “correct” linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___________.
A: prescriptive
B: sociolinguistic
C: descriptive
D: sycholinguistic
答案: descriptive
6、判断题：
Language consists of the systems of sounds and grammar.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 错误
7、判断题：
The actual production and comprehension of the speech by speakers of a language is called performance.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
8、判断题：
The fact that children can speak before they can read or write shows that language is arbitrary.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 错误
9、判断题：
According to Chomsky, a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules is called his linguistic competence.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
10、填空题：
linguistics is the study of a language through the course of its history.
答案: Diachronic
11、填空题：
A description takes a fixed instant (usually, but not necessarily, the present) as its point of observation.
答案: synchronic
12、填空题：
is the study of psychological aspects of language; it usually studies the psychological states and mental activity associated with the use of language. Most problems in are more concrete, involving the study of language acquisition especially in children and linguistic performance such as producing and comprehending utterances or sentences among adults.
答案: Psycholinguistics
1.2 Design features of language_习题
1、单选题：
Which of the following is NOT a frequently discussed design feature of language?
A: Arbitrariness.
B: Convention
C: Duality
D: Displacement
答案: Convention
2、单选题：
“I can refer to Confucius even though he died 2000 years ago.” This shows that language has the design feature of __________.
A: arbitrariness
B: creativity
C: duality
D: displacement
答案: displacement
3、单选题：
The design feature of __________ refers to the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level.
A: arbitrariness
B: creativity
C: duality
D: displacement
答案: duality
4、单选题：
One of the properties of language is that a language user can understand and produce sentences he/she has never heard before. This property of language is called ________.
A: duality
B: productivity
C: displacement
D: arbitrariness
答案: productivity
5、单选题：
In broad terms, linguists agree to define language as a system of ____vocal symbols used for human communication.
A: conventional
B: motivated
C: arbitrary
D: dual
答案: arbitrary
6、填空题：
By is meant the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.
答案: duality
7、填空题：
means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication.
答案: Displacement
1.4 Functions of language_习题
1、单选题：
When people use language to express attitudes, feelings and emotions, people are using the ____________function of language.
A: emotive
B: creative
C: phatic
D: metalingual
答案: emotive
2、单选题：
Which of the following is NOT a metafunction of language proposed by Halliday?
A: Ideational
B: Conventional
C: Interpersonal
D: Textual
答案: Conventional
3、单选题：
The social functions of language do NOT include_______________.
A: informative function
B: interrogative function
C: phatic function
D: metacognitive function
答案: metacognitive function
4、单选题：
The ______ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.
A: phatic
B: directive
C: evocative
D: performative
答案: phatic
5、判断题：
“Language operates by rules” is a fundamental view about language.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
6、判断题：
When people use language to indulge in itself for its own sake, people are using the creative function of language.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 错误
7、判断题：
According to Halliday’s theory of metafunctions of language, interpersonal function enacts social relationship.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
8、判断题：
According to Halliday’s theory of metafunctions of language, language has ideational, interpersonal and textual function.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
9、判断题：
When people use language to indulge in itself for its own sake, people are using the poetic function of language.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
Origins of language_习题
1、单选题：
holds that language originates from the uttering of instinctive sounds of pain, anger and joy.
A: The bow-wow theory
B: The Ding-Dong theory
C: The pooh-pooh theory
D: The yo-he-ho theory
答案: The pooh-pooh theory
2、单选题：
holds that language originated from people’s imitations of animal cries and other sounds heard in nature.
A: The bow-wow theory
B: The Ding-Dong theory
C: The pooh-pooh theory
D: The yo-he-ho theory
答案: The bow-wow theory
3、判断题：
The bow-wow theory is based on the fact that modern languages have some words with pronunciations which seem to echo natural souds.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
4、判断题：
Now linguists have known the specific origins of human languages.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 错误
5、判断题：
The yo-he-ho theory explains that language originated from the cries uttered during strain of work.
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 正确
6、填空题：
____________ nfocuses mainly on the biological basis of the formation and development of human language.
答案: Glossogentics
第一单元语言学导论测试
1、单选题：
Chomsky made the distinction between _______________.
A: competence and performance
B: comparative linguistics and historical linguist
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