饥眉挝透入囤佛悲颓安船必豢
第一、二周
1.3 第一单元词汇测试
1、单选题：
Some home and office buildings in the U.S are now being heated with __________ energy.
A: lunar
B: solar
C: natural
D: water
答案: solar
2、单选题：
On July 20th, 1969, two American __________ planted the first human footsteps on the moon.
A: visitors
B: pilots
C: scientists
D: astronauts
答案: astronauts
3、单选题：
For thousands of years __________ have been looking at the moon, studying its appearance and its motion through the sky.
A: astronomers
B: writers
C: educators
D: detectors
答案: astronomers
4、单选题：
The ancient Babylon calendar was quite similar to the Chinese __________ calendar.
A: astral
B: lunar
C: solar
D: man-made
答案: lunar
5、单选题：
At one time or another every thinking person had speculated about his place in the __________.
A: air
B: city
C: cosmos
D: country
答案: cosmos
6、单选题：
For three years, the __________ followed one another. It’s unlucky for them.
A: disasters
B: harvests
C: invitation
D: desert
答案: disasters
7、单选题：
New York is considered as a __________ in the business.
A: cosmopolis
B: capital
C: well-known place
D: tourist attraction
答案: cosmopolis
8、单选题：
Seagulls glided overhead on __________ currents.
A: sea
B: swift
C: wings
D: aerial
答案: aerial
9、单选题：
Now we know that the fishes in the sea are all __________.
A: brown
B: salty
C: pretty
D: brutal
答案: salty
10、单选题：
A/An __________ alerts the readers to look for additional information at the foot of the paper.
A: pure
B: acid
C: ashy
D: asterisk
答案: asterisk
11、单选题：
If you want to put out a fire, you may draw water from a __________ in the street.
A: hydrant
B: thermos
C: spittoon
D: basin
答案: hydrant
12、单选题：
We have stored a lot of __________ vegatables for the winter.
A: counterfeit
B: sightly
C: dehydrated
D: sour
答案: dehydrated
13、单选题：
Most of the children are in favor of going to the __________, for they are interested in living fish and water plants.
A: orchard
B: aquarium
C: grocery
D: laundry
答案: aquarium
14、单选题：
In about 3,000 B.C., Iberians settled on British islands and brought them __________ culture.
A: neolithic
B: magnificent
C: truthful
D: polite
答案: neolithic
15、单选题：
__________ would have people believe that their lives are regulated by the movements of the stars, planets, sun, and moon.
A: A dwarf
B: A coach
C: An acrobat
D: An astrologer
答案: An astrologer
16、单选题：
In 1997, they saw evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even nearer in our own __________ system.
A: solar
B: lunar
C: earthly
D: planetary
答案: solar
17、单选题：
He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the __________ cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar .
A: planet
B: solar
C: lunar
D: major
答案: lunar
18、单选题：
Many people believe we are heading for environmental __________ unless we radically change way we live.
A: protection
B: deterioration
C: destruction
D: disaster
答案: disaster
19、单选题：
Such discoveries are likely to have revolutionary consequences for biology, __________ and philosophy. They may change the way we look at ourselves and our place in the universe.
A: expectancy
B: astronomy
C: psychology
D: environtology
答案: astronomy
20、单选题：
While company managers have known about the benefits for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of whether they could trust their employees to work to full __________ without supervision, or concerned about the additional expenses teleworking policies might incur as staff start charging their home phone bills to the business.
A: capacity
B: accuracy
C: expectancy
D: proposals
答案: capacity
1.4 第一单元阅读理解
1、单选题：
1. The story of creation In the beginning, before time began, the Bible tells us how God created the world. The earth was an empty and dark place and there was no life or light. In the six days, God created the world and everything living on the earth. The first thing God created was the light. God said, ”let there be light.” Suddenly, the first bright light began to shine on the empty, stormy waters covering the earth. God saw the light was good and he named the light “day”, and he called the darkness “night.” Now, God commanded the waters covering the whole earth to pull back. God divided the earth between the dry land and the big seas. And so it happened. Now the world had mountains and valleys. It had lakes and rivers. And God said “let the earth be filled with green grass.” He put tall trees and beautiful flowers everywhere. He filled the world with color. And God saw all he created was wonderful and said to himself, “this is good.” On the fourth day, God made the sun, the moon, and the stars. He made the sun shine from the sky during the day and the moon to shine in the night along with all the countless glittering stars of the universe. But the earth was very quiet and still because no living beings had been created. Then, on the fifth day, God created fish in the seas and rivers, and birds to fly through the sky. On the sixth day, God made animals of every kind to live on the dry land of the earth. God made every animal you can think of, from elephants and zebra’s, lions and cattle, sheep, dogs and cats, to all the smallest creature you can find on the earth. When God had created all this, He said, “this is really, really, good.” God was almost finished creating the world, but something important was still missing. God knew the fantastic of all this creations had not yet been created. 1.Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A: God only created rivers on the fourth day
B: All animals that God created were small
C: God made the sun on the fifth day
D: God saw all he created was wonderful
答案: God saw all he created was wonderful
2、单选题：
1. The story of creation In the beginning, before time began, the Bible tells us how God created the world. The earth was an empty and dark place and there was no life or light. In the six days, God created the world and everything living on the earth. The first thing God created was the light. God said, ”let there be light.” Suddenly, the first bright light began to shine on the empty, stormy waters covering the earth. God saw the light was good and he named the light “day”, and he called the darkness “night.” Now, God commanded the waters covering the whole earth to pull back. God divided the earth between the dry land and the big seas. And so it happened. Now the world had mountains and valleys. It had lakes and rivers. And God said “let the earth be filled with green grass.” He put tall trees and beautiful flowers everywhere. He filled the world with color. And God saw all he created was wonderful and said to himself, “this is good.” On the fourth day, God made the sun, the moon, and the stars. He made the sun shine from the sky during the day and the moon to shine in the night along with all the countless glittering stars of the universe. But the earth was very quiet and still because no living beings had been created. Then, on the fifth day, God created fish in the seas and rivers, and birds to fly through the sky. On the sixth day, God made animals of every kind to live on the dry land of the earth. God made every animal you can think of, from elephants and zebra’s, lions and cattle, sheep, dogs and cats, to all the smallest creature you can find on the earth. When God had created all this, He said, “this is really, really, good.” God was almost finished creating the world, but something important was still missing. God knew the fantastic of all this creations had not yet been created. 2. What can be predicted according to the passage？
A: God will disappeare in a certain moment.
B: God will enlarge the dry land.
C: God knew the fantastic of all this creations had not yet been created.
D: God will empower the animal.
答案: God knew the fantastic of all this creations had not yet been created.
3、单选题：
2. Adam and Eve On the sixth day God said, “I want to create people. They shall have a conscience, so they can think, know and love me, and love each other. I will make them masters of everything I have made, so they can take care of all the things I just have created.” God took dust from the dry land and he formed Adam, the first man. God gave Adam his shape and breathed life through his nostrils, so Adam became alive and started to breathe like all living things do. Adam opened his eyes and found himself in a wonderful garden, called Eden, which God had created for him.Adam was so excited about all the many animals which were surrounding him in the Garden of Eden. So he began to give all the animals names to tell them from one another. But Adam felt lonely, because among all the living beings he did not find any that looked liked him. Adam was the only human on the earth. God saw that it was not good for Adam to be alone and said, ”I will create a companion for Adam to be alone and said ,”I will create a companion for Adam so he will not be alone anymore.” So Adam fell into a deep sleep. God took out one of his ribs and from it he created a companion for Adam, called eve. When Adam woke up from his deep sleep and opened his eyes he saw this new person. He said, “She shall be called woman, because she came from man.” God blessed Adam and Eve and told them to be happy and enjoy all that he had created. God said, “Have children and let them help you in taking care of everything which I have created. I want every corner of the earth to be full of life and want everything to prosper, blossom and grow. You can find the garden I have made for you, but do not eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge. If you do so, you will die.” After these first six days when time had just begun and God had created everything, he said, “everything is perfect now. This is very very good.” 3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A: The companion for Adam was called woman.
B: Women came from man’s rib.
C: God gave two warnings to Adam and Eve.
D: Adam was a threat to other creatures in the Garden of Eden.
答案: Women came from man’s rib.
4、单选题：
2. Adam and Eve On the sixth day God said, “I want to create people. They shall have a conscience, so they can think, know and love me, and love each other. I will make them masters of everything I have made, so they can take care of all the things I just have created.” God took dust from the dry land and he formed Adam, the first man. God gave Adam his shape and breathed life through his nostrils, so Adam became alive and started to breathe like all living things do. Adam opened his eyes and found himself in a wonderful garden, called Eden, which God had created for him. Adam was so excited about all the many animals which were surrounding him in the Garden of Eden. So he began to give all the animals names to tell them from one another. But Adam felt lonely, because among all the living beings he did not find any that looked liked him. Adam was the only human on the earth. God saw that it was not good for Adam to be alone and said, ”I will create a companion for Adam to be alone and said ,”I will create a companion for Adam so he will not be alone anymore.” So Adam fell into a deep sleep. God took out one of his ribs and from it he created a companion for Adam, called eve. When Adam woke up from his deep sleep and opened his eyes he saw this new person. He said, “She shall be called woman, because she came from man.” God blessed Adam and Eve and told them to be happy and enjoy all that he had created. God said, “Have children and let them help you in taking care of everything which I have created. I want every corner of the earth to be full of life and want everything to prosper, blossom and grow. You can find the garden I have made for you, but do not eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge. If you do so, you will die.” After these first six days when time had just begun and God had created everything, he said, “everything is perfect now. This is very very good.” 4.What do we know about Adam’s companion？
A: She was called as Adam’s best friend.
B: She liked animals very much.
C: Her appearance made Adam sad.
D: She made Adam not alone anymore.
答案: She made Adam not alone anymore.
5、单选题：
3. The Fall It looked as if nothing could destroy the happiness Adam and Eve experienced in the Garden of Eden where God had created everything so wonderful and perfect. But one day when Eve was standing near the tree of knowledge, looking at the fruit she could not to eat, she heard the voice of creature named Satan. Satan could make himself look like any animal and he now looked like a snake and said to Eve, “Has God really told you not to eat of the fruit of the tree? Are you really sure God meant what he said?”“Yes, I am sure God has said we cannot eat from this fruit,” Eve said. “But are you sure you cannot just have a little bite of the fruit? I can tell you they really taste good” Satan tempted. And Eve could not stand the temptation. She reached out and took fruit from tree, tasted it and she ate it. She also gave some of it to Adam and he ate it, too. But as soon as they had eaten from the fruit they felt bad. Everything was suddenly different and they were ashamed for what they had done. They also realized that they were naked and were hiding in shame. In the evening when God came walking through the garden, Adam and Eve dared not to go out and meet him. So God was calling out,“Adam, where are you?”“Here I am,” said Adam and God could hear how Adam’s voice had completely changed. And God said, “So, did you eat from the fruit I had forbidden you to eat?”“Actually, it was Eve, the woman you gave to me. She made me eat the fruit,” Adam said. And Eve said, “No, it was the evil snake that tempted me and made me eat from the tree.” But God was angry and said, “I have told you very often not to eat from this fruit and this means you cannot be here in the garden any longer. Now I have to throw you out of the Garden of Eden forever and you will have to live on the earth where you must take care of yourself. And you will no longer be able to speak with me face to face like you have done here in Eden.” It was a very sad day when Adam and Eve had to leave the garden. An angel holding a flaming sword was guarding the entrance to Eden preventing anybody ever to enter into the garden again. The paradise in the garden with God was lost for Adam and Eve. But God still loved Adam and Eve. God did not forget them. 5. The underlined word “tempted” in the second paragraph can be replaced by
A: seduced
B: suggested
C: stimulated
D: encouraged
答案: seduced
6、单选题：
3. The Fall It looked as if nothing could destroy the happiness Adam and Eve experienced in the Garden of Eden where God had created everything so wonderful and perfect. But one day when Eve was standing near the tree of knowledge, looking at the fruit she could not to eat, she heard the voice of creature named Satan. Satan could make himself look like any animal and he now looked like a snake and said to Eve, “Has God really told you not to eat of the fruit of the tree? Are you really sure God meant what he said?”“Yes, I am sure God has said we cannot eat from this fruit,” Eve said. “But are you sure you cannot just have a little bite of the fruit? I can tell you they really taste good” Satan tempted. And Eve could not stand the temptation. She reached out and took fruit from tree, tasted it and she ate it. She also gave some of it to Adam and he ate it, too. But as soon as they had eaten from the fruit they felt bad. Everything was suddenly different and they were ashamed for what they had done. They also realized that they were naked and were hiding in shame. In the evening when God came walking through the garden, Adam and Eve dared not to go out and meet him. So God was calling out,“Adam, where are you?”“Here I am,” said Adam and God could hear how Adam’s voice had completely changed. And God said, “So, did you eat from the fruit I had forbidden you to eat?”“Actually, it was Eve, the woman you gave to me. She made me eat the fruit,” Adam said. And Eve said, “No, it was the evil snake that tempted me and made me eat from the tree.” But God was angry and said, “I have told you very often not to eat from this fruit and this means you cannot be here in the garden any longer. Now I have to throw you out of the Garden of Eden forever and you will have to live on the earth where you must take care of yourself. And you will no longer be able to speak with me face to face like you have done here in Eden.” It was a very sad day when Adam and Eve had to leave the garden. An angel holding a flaming sword was guarding the entrance to Eden preventing anybody ever to enter into the garden again. The paradise in the garden with God was lost for Adam and Eve. But God still loved Adam and Eve. God did not forget them. 6.What is the passage mainly about?
A: Satan tempted Adam and Eve.
B: Paradise in the garden of Eden
C: Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit.
D: The reason why Adam and Eve had to leave the garden.
答案: Paradise in the garden of Eden
7、单选题：
4. Great floodThe LORD saw that humanity had become thoroughly evil on the earth and that every idea their minds thought up was always completely evil. The LORD regretted making human beings on the earth, and he was heartbroken. So the LORD said, “I will wipe off of the land the human race that I’ve created: from human beings to livestock to the crawling things to the birds in the skies, because I regret I ever made them.” But as for Noah, the LORD approved of him. Noah was a moral and exemplary man; he walked with God.God said to Noah, “The end has come for all creatures, since they have filled the earth with violence. I am now about to destroy them along with the earth, so make a wooden ark. Make the ark with nesting places and cover it inside and out with tar. I am now bringing the floodwaters over the earth to destroy everything under the sky that breathes. Everything on earth is about to take its last breath. But I will set up my covenant with you. You will go into the ark together with your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives. From all living things—from all creatures—you are to bring a pair, male and female, into the ark with you to keep them alive. From each kind of bird, from each kind of livestock, and from each kind of everything that crawls on the ground—a pair from each will go in with you to stay alive. Take some from every kind of food and stow it as food for you and for the animals.”Noah did everything exactly as God commanded him.The flood remained on the earth for forty days. Everything on dry land with life’s breath in its nostrils died. God wiped away every living thing that was on the fertile land—from human beings to livestock to crawling things to birds in the sky. They were wiped off the earth. Only Noah and those with him in the ark were left. The waters rose over the earth for one hundred fifty days.After forty days, Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made. He sent out a raven, and it flew back and forth until the waters over the entire earth had dried up. Then he sent out a dove to see if the waters on all of the fertile land had subsided, but the dove found no place to set its foot. It returned to him in the ark since waters still covered the entire earth. Noah stretched out his hand, took it, and brought it back into the ark. He waited seven more days and sent the dove out from the ark again. The dove came back to him in the evening, grasping a torn olive leaf in its beak. Then Noah knew that the waters were subsiding from the earth. He waited seven more days and sent out the dove, but it didn’t come back to him again. In Noah’s six hundred first year, on the first day of the first month, the waters dried up from the earth.7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: Noah did everything as God commanded him
B: God made an ark just by himself
C: God wiped away every living thing except Noah and those with him
D: The LORD regretted making human beings on the earth
答案: God made an ark just by himself
8、单选题：
4. Great floodThe LORD saw that humanity had become thoroughly evil on the earth and that every idea their minds thought up was always completely evil. The LORD regretted making human beings on the earth, and he was heartbroken. So the LORD said, “I will wipe off of the land the human race that I’ve created: from human beings to livestock to the crawling things to the birds in the skies, because I regret I ever made them.” But as for Noah, the LORD approved of him. Noah was a moral and exemplary man; he walked with God.God said to Noah, “The end has come for all creatures, since they have filled the earth with violence. I am now about to destroy them along with the earth, so make a wooden ark. Make the ark with nesting places and cover it inside and out with tar. I am now bringing the floodwaters over the earth to destroy everything under the sky that breathes. Everything on earth is about to take its last breath. But I will set up my covenant with you. You will go into the ark together with your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives. From all living things—from all creatures—you are to bring a pair, male and female, into the ark with you to keep them alive. From each kind of bird, from each kind of livestock, and from each kind of everything that crawls on the ground—a pair from each will go in with you to stay alive. Take some from every kind of food and stow it as food for you and for the animals.”Noah did everything exactly as God commanded him.The flood remained on the earth for forty days. Everything on dry land with life’s breath in its nostrils died. God wiped away every living thing that was on the fertile land—from human beings to livestock to crawling things to birds in the sky. They were wiped off the earth. Only Noah and those with him in the ark were left. The waters rose over the earth for one hundred fifty days.After forty days, Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made. He sent out a raven, and it flew back and forth until the waters over the entire earth had dried up. Then he sent out a dove to see if the waters on all of the fertile land had subsided, but the dove found no place to set its foot. It returned to him in the ark since waters still covered the entire earth. Noah stretched out his hand, took it, and brought it back into the ark. He waited seven more days and sent the dove out from the ark again. The dove came back to him in the evening, grasping a torn olive leaf in its beak. Then Noah knew that the waters were subsiding from the earth. He waited seven more days and sent out the dove, but it didn’t come back to him again. In Noah’s six hundred first year, on the first day of the first month, the waters dried up from the earth.8. What can be inferred from the passage?
A: The waters rose over the earth for one hundred forty days.
B: Noah was a moral man who despised God
C: God was very satisfied with human beings
D: Humanity had become thoroughly evil on the earth
答案: Humanity had become thoroughly evil on the earth
9、单选题：
5. Origin of languages and culturesAll people on the earth had one language and the same words. When they traveled east, they found a valley in the land of Shinar and settled there. They said to each other, “Come, let’s make bricks and bake them hard.” They used bricks for stones and asphalt for mortar. They said, “Come, let’s build for ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the sky, and let’s make a name for ourselves so that we won’t be dispersed over all the earth.”Then the LORD came down to see the city and the tower that the humans built. And the LORD said, “There is now one people and they all have one language. This is what they have begun to do, and now all that they plan to do will be possible for them. Come, let’s go down and mix up their language there so they won’t understand each other’s language.” Then the LORD dispersed them from there over all of the earth, and they stopped building the city. Therefore, it is named Babel, because there the LORD mixed up the language of all the earth; and from there the LORD dispersed them over all the earth.9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: The LORD decided to mix up language so people can understand each other’s language.
B: People used bricks for stones and asphalt for mortar.
C: People decided to make a name for themselves so that they won’t be dispersed over all the earth.
D: All people on the earth had one language and the same words at the beginning.
答案: The LORD decided to mix up language so people can understand each other’s language.
10、单选题：
5. Origin of languages and culturesAll people on the earth had one language and the same words. When they traveled east, they found a valley in the land of Shinar and settled there. They said to each other, “Come, let’s make bricks and bake them hard.” They used bricks for stones and asphalt for mortar. They said, “Come, let’s build for ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the sky, and let’s make a name for ourselves so that we won’t be dispersed over all the earth.”Then the LORD came down to see the city and the tower that the humans built. And the LORD said, “There is now one people and they all have one language. This is what they have begun to do, and now all that they plan to do will be possible for them. Come, let’s go down and mix up their language there so they won’t understand each other’s language.” Then the LORD dispersed them from there over all of the earth, and they stopped building the city. Therefore, it is named Babel, because there the LORD mixed up the language of all the earth; and from there the LORD dispersed them over all the earth.10. The underlined word in the passage can be replaced by?
A: Scattered.
B: Displaced
C: Discreted.
D: Stopped.
答案: Scattered.
11、单选题：
6.Why Read the BibleIf Bible readers everywhere could return their answers what diverse and interesting points of view the replies would bring! For instance，one perceives in the Bible record the worst and the best that men have always thought and felt; for him it is full of the universal motives of humanity. He has noticed, too, that in sketching often but the single act of a character, the Book brings the essential man or woman vividly out of the darkness and into the light for all time. As a student of men, we can imagine such a one replying that the Bible is “The Book of human Nature.” Another knows that it has been the inspiration of countless writers, and that its sayings and teachings are woven by the hundreds and thousands through and through the texture of our English masterpieces. A student of books might well say that the Bible is the chief “Source-Book of Our Literature.”Still another would say, “The Bible is the beginning of many of our customs. Our common law is largely founded on its laws and many of our institutions are based upon those it sanctions.” So a business man, a man of affairs, might very naturally call it, “The Foundation-Book of Christian Civilization.”For many the Bible is “The Book of Salvation,” pointing the way into the presence of God.Still others draw from it counsel and strength for those who depend upon them for guidance. “God could not be everywhere, so he made mothers.” And in their hands the Bible becomes “The Book of Character.”The marvel of it is that each of these viewpoints is true. And many others are equally true. For the Bible, like the diamond, reflects its light from many facets, Which one you see depends upon where you stand, upon your point of view. How clear and strong the light for you depends upon how far you have come within the circle of its radiance.11.Which of the following is not referred in the passage?
A: Literature.
B: Agriculture.
C: Law.
D: Personal character.
答案: Agriculture.
12、单选题：
6.Why Read the BibleIf Bible readers everywhere could return their answers what diverse and interesting points of view the replies would bring! For instance，one perceives in the Bible record the worst and the best that men have always thought and felt; for him it is full of the universal motives of humanity. He has noticed, too, that in sketching often but the single act of a character, the Book brings the essential man or woman vividly out of the darkness and into the light for all time. As a student of men, we can imagine such a one replying that the Bible is “The Book of human Nature.” Another knows that it has been the inspiration of countless writers, and that its sayings and teachings are woven by the hundreds and thousands through and through the texture of our English masterpieces. A student of books might well say that the Bible is the chief “Source-Book of Our Literature.”Still another would say, “The Bible is the beginning of many of our customs. Our common law is largely founded on its laws and many of our institutions are based upon those it sanctions.” So a business man, a man of affairs, might very naturally call it, “The Foundation-Book of Christian Civilization.”For many the Bible is “The Book of Salvation,” pointing the way into the presence of God.Still others draw from it counsel and strength for those who depend upon them for guidance. “God could not be everywhere, so he made mothers.” And in their hands the Bible becomes “The Book of Character.”The marvel of it is that each of these viewpoints is true. And many others are equally true. For the Bible, like the diamond, reflects its light from many facets, Which one you see depends upon where you stand, upon your point of view. How clear and strong the light for you depends upon how far you have come within the circle of its radiance.12.Which of the following is the best understanding of the underlined sentence?
A: God is not all mighty.
B: Mothers are helpers of God to guide people.
C: God is less powerful than mothers.
D: Mothers are as great as God.
答案: Mothers are helpers of God to guide people.
13、单选题：
7. Einstein and “God”The debate over Science and Religion is like catnip for anyone wanting to spout off about the improbability of God or the arrogance of scientists. The public seems to have an insatiable appetite for this debate. Many of the current debates in science and religion turn on how we define certain key words, like “God”, “transcendence”, and “religion”. A great deal also rides on how much of reality we think can be explained by another loaded word, “science.”Take the case of Albert Einstein. He died more than half a century ago, but there’s a huge debate right now between religious believers and atheists over who gets to claim Einstein, the most famous scientist of the last century. Einstein himself made a number of provocative and rather cryptic comments about religion. He called himself “a deeply religious nonbeliever.” He said, “Science without religion is lame; religion without science is blind.” Most famously, he proclaimed, “God does not play dice with the universe.” Who is this God that Einstein invoked? Was he simply using the word “God” as a synonym for order and harmony in the universe?I have asked a number of scientists, theologians, and Einstein scholars, and I’ve heard many different responses. “Einstein clearly was an atheist（无神论者）in the sense that he didn’t believe in a personal God,” Richard Dawkins says. “He used the word God as a metaphoric name for that which we don’t yet understand, for the deep mysteries of the universe.” The Nobel Prize-winning physicist and fellow atheist Steven Weinberg believes Einstein was just using poetic language when he talked about religion, which Weinsberg considers a mistake. “Clearly, what Einstein meant by God is so vague and so far from conventional religion, it seems to me a misuse of the word,” Weinsberg says. “The concept of God historically has had a fairly definite meaning. God was conscious. God was powerful. God was benevolent to some extent. If you’re not going to use God to mean something like that, then you shouldn’t use the word.”Walter Isaacson, Einstein’s biographer, has a very different perspective. He claims that Einstein was a deist（自然神论信仰者）who knew exactly what he was doing when he talked about “God” and “religion.” When he was asked whether he was just using the word symbolically, he said, no, he wasn’t,” Isaacson told me. “He talked about having a cosmic religion. He thought there was a spirit manifesting in the laws of the universe, and that was his notion of God.” 13. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?
A: In the viewpoint of Rhchard Dawkins, the word “God” used by Einstein refers to the deep mysteries of the universe that people don’t yet understand.
B: Weinsberg holds that the word “God” can be used poetically.
C: Walter Isaacson believes that Einstein’s notion of God is the spirit that manifests in the laws of the universe.
D: People have different ideas on defining the word “God”.
答案: Weinsberg holds that the word “God” can be used poetically.
14、单选题：
7. Einstein and “God”The debate over Science and Religion is like catnip for anyone wanting to spout off about the improbability of God or the arrogance of scientists. The public seems to have an insatiable appetite for this debate. Many of the current debates in science and religion turn on how we define certain key words, like “God”, “transcendence”, and “religion”. A great deal also rides on how much of reality we think can be explained by another loaded word, “science.”Take the case of Albert Einstein. He died more than half a century ago, but there’s a huge debate right now between religious believers and atheists over who gets to claim Einstein, the most famous scientist of the last century. Einstein himself made a number of provocative and rather cryptic comments about religion. He called himself “a deeply religious nonbeliever.” He said, “Science without religion is lame; religion without science is blind.” Most famously, he proclaimed, “God does not play dice with the universe.” Who is this God that Einstein invoked? Was he simply using the word “God” as a synonym for order and harmony in the universe?I have asked a number of scientists, theologians, and Einstein scholars, and I’ve heard many different responses. “Einstein clearly was an atheist（无神论者）in the sense that he didn’t believe in a personal God,” Richard Dawkins says. “He used the word God as a metaphoric name for that which we don’t yet understand, for the deep mysteries of the universe.” The Nobel Prize-winning physicist and fellow atheist Steven Weinberg believes Einstein was just using poetic language when he talked about religion, which Weinsberg considers a mistake. “Clearly, what Einstein meant by God is so vague and so far from conventional religion, it seems to me a misuse of the word,” Weinsberg says. “The concept of God historically has had a fairly definite meaning. God was conscious. God was powerful. God was benevolent to some extent. If you’re not going to use God to mean something like that, then you shouldn’t use the word.”Walter Isaacson, Einstein’s biographer, has a very different perspective. He claims that Einstein was a deist（自然神论信仰者）who knew exactly what he was doing when he talked about “God” and “religion.” When he was asked whether he was just using the word symbolically, he said, no, he wasn’t,” Isaacson told me. “He talked about having a cosmic religion. He thought there was a spirit manifesting in the laws of the universe, and that was his notion of God.”14. Which of the following Can Not replace the underlined word “metaphoric”?
A: Figurative.
B: Symbolic.
C: Metaphorical.
D: Historical.
答案: Historical.
15、单选题：
8. Origin of Peace Symbols(1) The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about how we greet people. In some languages, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons-that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Let’s look at a few of them. The dove(2)The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war.(3)There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art , the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ’s head .(4)But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949. The rainbow(5)The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God had forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment, representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain. Mistletoe(6)This plant was sacred in many cultures, generally representing peace and love. Most people know of the tradition of kissing under the mistletoe at Christmas time, which probably comes from Scandinavian mythology. The goddess Freya’s son was killed by an arrow made of mistletoe, so, in honour of him, she declared that it would always be a symbol of peace. It was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship. The olive branch(7)The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games, and the winners were given crowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit , so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol. The ankh(8) The ankh is an ancient symbol which was adopted by the hippie movement in the 1960s to represent peace and love. It was found in many Asian cultures, but is generally associated with ancient Egypt. It represented life and immortality. Egyptians were buried with an ankh, so that they could continue to live in the “afterworld”. The symbol was also found along the sides of the Nile, which gave life to the people. They believed that the ankh could control the flow of the river and make sure that there was always enough water. 15. The origin of the ankh can date back to ________.
A: The Nile.
B: The “afterworld “.
C: The hippie movement.
D: Ancient Egypt.
答案: Ancient Egypt.
16、单选题：
8. Origin of Peace Symbols(1) The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about how we greet people. In some languages, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons-that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Let’s look at a few of them. The dove(2)The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war.(3)There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art , the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ’s head .(4)But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949. The rainbow(5)The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God had forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment, representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain. Mistletoe(6)This plant was sacred in many cultures, generally representing peace and love. Most people know of the tradition of kissing under the mistletoe at Christmas time, which probably comes from Scandinavian mythology. The goddess Freya’s son was killed by an arrow made of mistletoe, so, in honour of him, she declared that it would always be a symbol of peace. It was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship. The olive branch(7)The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games, and the winners were given crowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit , so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol. The ankh(8) The ankh is an ancient symbol which was adopted by the hippie movement in the 1960s to represent peace and love. It was found in many Asian cultures, but is generally associated with ancient Egypt. It represented life and immortality. Egyptians were buried with an ankh, so that they could continue to live in the “afterworld”. The symbol was also found along the sides of the Nile, which gave life to the people. They believed that the ankh could control the flow of the river and make sure that there was always enough water. 16. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate _______ .
A: Friendship.
B: Love.
C: Kinship.
D: Honour.
答案: Friendship.
17、单选题：
9. The Origin of the WorldThere are three schools of thought regarding the origin of the world. The first school of thought claims that this world came into existence by nature and that nature is not an intelligent force. However, nature works on its own accord and goes on changing.The second school of thought says that the world was created by an almighty God who is responsible for everything. The third school of thought says that the beginning of this world and of life is inconceivable since they have neither beginning nor end. Buddhism is in accordance with this third school of thought. Bertrand Russell supports this school of thought by saying, “There is no reason to suppose that the world had a beginning at all. The idea that things must have a beginning is really due to the poverty of our thoughts.”Modern science says that some millions of years ago, the newly cooled earth was lifeless and that life originated in the ocean. Buddhism never claimed that the world, sun, moon, stars, wind, water, days and nights were created by a powerful god or by a Buddha. Buddhists believe that the world was not created once upon a time, but that the world has been created millions of times every second and will continue to do so by itself and will break away by itself. According to Buddhism, world systems always appear and disappear in the universe.H.G. Wells, in A Short History of the World, says “It is universally recognized that the universe in which we live, has to all appearance, existed for an enormous period of time and possibly for endless time. But that the universe in which we live, has existed only for six or seven thousand years may be regarded as an altogether exploded idea. No life seems to have happened suddenly upon earth.”The efforts made by many religions to explain the beginning and the end of the universe are indeed ill-conceived. The position of religions which propound the view that the universe was created by god in an exactly fixed year, has become a difficult one to maintain in the light of modern and scientific knowledge.Today scientists, historians, astronomers, biologists, botanists, anthropologists and great thinkers have all contributed vast new knowledge about the origin of the world. The speculative explanations of the origin of the universe that are presented by various religions are not acceptable to the modern scientists and intellectuals. The explanation of the origin of the universe is not the concern of religion. If one insists on studying this subject, then one must investigate the sciences, astronomy, geology, biology and anthropology. These sciences can offer more reliable and tested information on this subject than can be supplied by any religion. 17. Which one of the following is favoured by Bertrand Russel?
A: The world was created by an almighty God who is responsible for everything.
B: The beginning of this world and of life is inconceivable since they have neither beginning nor end.
C: This world came into existence by nature and that nature is not an intelligent force.
D: None of above.
答案: The beginning of this world and of life is inconceivable since they have neither beginning nor end.
18、单选题：
9. The Origin of the WorldThere are three schools of thought regarding the origin of the world. The first school of thought claims that this world came into existence by nature and that nature is not an intelligent force. However, nature works on its own accord and goes on changing.The second school of thought says that the world was created by an almighty God who is responsible for everything. The third school of thought says that the beginning of this world and of life is inconceivable since they have neither beginning nor end. Buddhism is in accordance with this third school of thought. Bertrand Russell supports this school of thought by saying, “There is no reason to suppose that the world had a beginning at all. The idea that things must have a beginning is really due to the poverty of our thoughts.”Modern science says that some millions of years ago, the newly cooled earth was lifeless and that life originated in the ocean. Buddhism never claimed that the world, sun, moon, stars, wind, water, days and nights were created by a powerful god or by a Buddha. Buddhists believe that the world was not created once upon a time, but that the world has been created millions of times every second and will continue to do so by itself and will break away by itself. According to Buddhism, world systems always appear and disappear in the universe.H.G. Wells, in A Short History of the World, says “It is universally recognized that the universe in which we live, has to all appearance, existed for an enormous period of time and possibly for endless time. But that the universe in which we live, has existed only for six or seven thousand years may be regarded as an altogether exploded idea. No life seems to have happened suddenly upon earth.”The efforts made by many religions to explain the beginning and the end of the universe are indeed ill-conceived. The position of religions which propound the view that the universe was created by god in an exactly fixed year, has become a difficult one to maintain in the light of modern and scientific knowledge.Today scientists, historians, astronomers, biologists, botanists, anthropologists and great thinkers have all contributed vast new knowledge about the origin of the world. The speculative explanations of the origin of the universe that are presented by various religions are not acceptable to the modern scientists and intellectuals. The explanation of the origin of the universe is not the concern of religion. If one insists on studying this subject, then one must investigate the sciences, astronomy, geology, biology and anthropology. These sciences can offer more reliable and tested information on this subject than can be supplied by any religion. 18. If one wants to find out the origin of the world, he/she should learn more about ________ according to the passage.
A: Buddhism.
B: Christian.
C: Islam.
D: Science.
答案: Science.
19、单选题：
10. In the BeginningWe hear this word a great deal– the beginning of a meal, a day, a story, a date, a life, or a show, a game, a conversation, a journey and so on and on. The poets and philosophers even talk a lot about the beginning of the end. Sometimes it seems to me this word is so ubiquitous that I simply refuse to give it a second thought. In my cognition, things begin in a way and end in another. Nothing is more natural than this.What, however, is the precursor to the beginning? Allow me to be focused on myself first as I am more concerned about my own being. If my life starts with a cell since my parents decided to give me this current life (or maybe they did not), then my parents should be the beginning of my life. And then my grandparents on both sides, and my great grandparents whom I am pretty sure I have ever seen. The circle starts going backwards for one generation after another. I am getting dizzy now. Maths with spirals calculated backwards honestly is not my thing. Then ultimately the whole line of ‘my’ being traces to the very first people on this planet. I guess I should have stopped ‘beginning’ such an obnoxious question because definitely my remote ancestors had the slightest idea of how one tiny of their descendants dared venture.How did the first people come into being? Well, renowned scientists have studied this matter for an awful lot of years searching for answers. To make it easier, just skip this controversial theory of humanity evolving from apes. It does not fancy me whatsoever to look into a hairy African gorilla’s eyes which seemingly tell me, “Good girl! You are an heir!” One thing for sure is this: before the very first peoples, the earth was.Hold on a second. Was my question “what is my beginning?” Now, somehow we are talking about how the earth began. Sounds preposterous? At least to myself! I never cared about the earth. All I knew about it was that it is not round, that it revolves around the sun, that life exists on it, that it is of 4.5 billion years age, and that it has a satellite. I wish I had studied more diligently in high school, yet that question of my origin never occurred to me. Asinine fatuity should be the comment I give to my previous being.This is getting serious. I do not know the answer — probably it takes a couple of PhDs and lifelong searching to give a bold and yet not-even-close nice try. Let my little brain take one step a time. We are living in the Solar system — somehow the Sun has to arrive on the scene. The Sun is 4.6 billion years, slightly older than our Earth in astronomical sense. Not a coincidence, actually. But the Milky Way where our home is is much older — 13.5 billion years. That sounds reasonably right. The barred spiral Milky Way, a sweet galactic home to our Sun, is about 100,000 light-year across and has been constantly rotating. More to the point, it contains over 200 billion stars, half of which are older than the 4.6-billion-year-old Sun. Galaxies like ours typically undergo a stellar baby boom, still churning out stars in enormous quantities. If only the question could be answered here! When I tried to dive more deeply, I found there is no way to know it at all. The attempt to find out the sheer number of the collections of galaxies that populate the universe beyond the Milky Way gave me a legion of goose bumps — counting them in any imaginable human ways with however advanced technologies is simply impossible. 200 billion is still a figure astronomers underestimated 10 times more at least and who knows how further it can go!I am totally a layman, and really, I need to take a breath. My head spins. No need to throw myself into the gigantically immense darkness of the outer space to find my origin. The answer, probably lies somewhere within. Anyhow, I am waiting for a revelation.Here it is.I have read it a coupe of times without thinking whatsoever. Many a time, if I do not pay attention, I end up knowing nothing about anything. My eyes were blind, and my heart was darkened. When the word “beginning” once again flickered my eyes, the whole world lit up! The then making-no-sense words suddenly came to life! It says in black and white: IN THE BEGINNING, GOD CREATED THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH. That IS it! For all the time I spent on searching for answers, even when I read this verse I could not see. The very beginning of everything, that is, before the heavens and earth, the oceans and creatures, the plants and birds, the man and the woman. That is categorically everything before time and space. God was there. In the very beginning. In the very beginning. Without eyes, I could not see. Without God, I could not be. Without faith, there is no beginning. In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.–Genesis 1:1 19. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “obnoxious？”
A: Unpleasant.
B: Pleasant.
C: Good.
D: Special.
答案: Unpleasant.
20、单选题：
10. In the BeginningWe hear this word a great deal– the beginning of a meal, a day, a story, a date, a life, or a show, a game, a conversation, a journey and so on and on. The poets and philosophers even talk a lot about the beginning of the end. Sometimes it seems to me this word is so ubiquitous that I simply refuse to give it a second thought. In my cognition, things begin in a way and end in another. Nothing is more natural than this.What, however, is the precursor to the beginning? Allow me to be focused on myself first as I am more concerned about my own being. If my life starts with a cell since my parents decided to give me this current life (or maybe they did not), then my parents should be the beginning of my life. And then my grandparents on both sides, and my great grandparents whom I am pretty sure I have ever seen. The circle starts going backwards for one generation after another. I am getting dizzy now. Maths with spirals calculated backwards honestly is not my thing. Then ultimately the whole line of ‘my’ being traces to the very first people on this planet. I guess I should have stopped ‘beginning’ such an obnoxious question because definitely my remote ancestors had the slightest idea of how one tiny of their descendants dared venture.How did the first people come into being? Well, renowned scientists have studied this matter for an awful lot of years searching for answers. To make it easier, just skip this controversial theory of humanity evolving from apes. It does not fancy me whatsoever to look into a hairy African gorilla’s eyes which seemingly tell me, “Good girl! You are an heir!” One thing for sure is this: before the very first peoples, the earth was.Hold on a second. Was my question “what is my beginning?” Now, somehow we are talking about how the earth began. Sounds preposterous? At least to myself! I never cared about the earth. All I knew about it was that it is not round, that it revolves around the sun, that life exists on it, that it is of 4.5 billion years age, and that it has a satellite. I wish I had studied more diligently in high school, yet that question of my origin never occurred to me. Asinine fatuity should be the comment I give to my previous being.This is getting serious. I do not know the answer — probably it takes a couple of PhDs and lifelong searching to give a bold and yet not-even-close nice try. Let my little brain take one step a time. We are living in the Solar system — somehow the Sun has to arrive on the scene. The Sun is 4.6 billion years, slightly older than our Earth in astronomical sense. Not a coincidence, actually. But the Milky Way where our home is is much older — 13.5 billion years. That sounds reasonably right. The barred spiral Milky Way, a sweet galactic home to our Sun, is about 100,000 light-year across and has been constantly rotating. More to the point, it contains over 200 billion stars, half of which are older than the 4.6-billion-year-old Sun. Galaxies like ours typically undergo a stellar baby boom, still churning out stars in enormous quantities. If only the question could be answered here! When I tried to dive more deeply, I found there is no way to know it at all. The attempt to find out the sheer number of the collections of galaxies that populate the universe beyond the Milky Way gave me a legion of goose bumps — counting them in any imaginable human ways with however advanced technologies is simply impossible. 200 billion is still a figure astronomers underestimated 10 times more at least and who knows how further it can go!I am totally a layman, and really, I need to take a breath. My head spins. No need to throw myself into the gigantically immense darkness of the outer space to find my origin. The answer, probably lies somewhere within. Anyhow, I am waiting for a revelation.Here it is.I have read it a coupe of times without thinking whatsoever. Many a time, if I do not pay attention, I end up knowing nothing about anything. My eyes were blind, and my heart was darkened. When the word “beginning” once again flickered my eyes, the whole world lit up! The then making-no-sense words suddenly came to life! It says in black and white: IN THE BEGINNING, GOD CREATED THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH. That IS it! For all the time I spent on searching for answers, even when I read this verse I could not see. The very beginning of everything, that is, before the heavens and earth, the oceans and creatures, the plants and birds, the man and the woman. That is categorically everything before time and space. God was there. In the very beginning. In the very beginning. Without eyes, I could not see. Without God, I could not be. Without faith, there is no beginning. In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.–Genesis 1:1 20. What can be inferred from the text?
A: It is easy for the author to find her answer of “what is my beginning.”
B: The author studied diligently in high school.
C: The author is a Christian.
D: The author believes that human beings are evolved from apes.
答案: The author is a Christian.
2.3 第二单元词汇测试
1、单选题：
It is obvious that he is trying stalling us.
A: evident
B: understable
C: silly
D: impossible
答案: evident
2、单选题：
Some botanists are interested in the study of submarine plant life.
A: undersea
B: tropical
C: water
D: house
答案: undersea
3、单选题：
This part of the sea is rich in marine products.
A: livestock
B: foreign
C: aquatic
D: food
答案: aquatic
4、单选题：
A new government department was established to control maritime traffic.
A: sea
B: military
C: high way
D: air
答案: sea
5、单选题：
Our urban problem are the same as yours: crime, overcrowding and poverty.
A: housing shortage
B: social
C: present day
D: city
答案: city
6、单选题：
The spleen is a small organ located beneath the left side of the rib cage.
A: caught
B: found
C: ingrown
D: implanted
答案: found
7、单选题：
Ann was humiliated by her friend’s remarks.
A: pleased
B: embarrassed
C: encouraged
D: surprised
答案: embarrassed
8、单选题：
He is very humble in the company of his superiors.
A: lowly
B: pride
C: fantastic
D: distinctive
答案: lowly
9、单选题：
He fell from his horse and dislocated his collar bone.
A: tore
B: slip
C: twisted
D: wrapped
答案: twisted
10、单选题：
Whatever we do, we can’t deviate from the truth.
A: retreat
B: flee
C: wander
D: depart
答案: depart
11、单选题：
I regret that a previous engagement prevents me from accepting your kind invitation.
A: unusual
B: unique
C: last
D: special
答案: last
12、单选题：
The supply ships sailed under convoy.
A: protection
B: excursion
C: journey
D: transportation
答案: protection
13、单选题：
Scientists only knew that it was collocated on certain principles.
A: drew
B: calculated
C: resolved
D: arranged
答案: arranged
14、单选题：
____________ is science of the properties and relations of lines, angles, surfaces and solids.
A: Geography
B: Geometry
C: Drawing
D: Arithmetic
答案: Geometry
15、单选题：
Much territory in Africa is desert.
A: religion
B: area
C: scene
D: beach
答案: area
16、单选题：
A polite person endeavours to please others.
A: civil
B: common
C: prominent
D: hospitable
答案: civil
17、单选题：
The doctor asked the nurse to insulate the serious patient from others.
A: avoid
B: separate
C: resist
D: prevent
答案: separate
18、单选题：
He is stupid. He even don’t know Tokyo is the metropolis of Japan.
A: president
B: leader
C: capital
D: religion
答案: capital
19、单选题：
His instruction will help us to obviate difficulties.
A: get rid of
B: remove
C: meet
D: occupy
答案: get rid of
20、单选题：
Left from the home, the child was deviated from the right path.
A: led
B: guided
C: followed
D: turned away
答案: turned away
2.4 第二单元阅读理解
1、单选题：
1. Birth of JesusThis is how the birth of Jesus Christ took place. When Mary his mother was engaged to Joseph, before they were married, she became pregnant by the Holy Spirit. Joseph her husband was a righteous man. Because he didn’t want to humiliate her, he decided to call off their engagement quietly. As he was thinking about this, an angel from the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, don’t be afraid to take Mary as your wife, because the child she carries was conceived by the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you will call him Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.” Now all of this took place so that what the Lord had spoken through the prophet would be fulfilled:Look! A virgin will become pregnant and give birth to a son, And they will call him, Emmanuel.(Emmanuel means “God with us.”)When Joseph woke up, he did just as an angel from God commanded and took Mary as his wife. But he didn’t have sexual relations with her until she gave birth to a son. Joseph called him Jesus.They had to travel to the city of Bethlehem to register for a census ordered by the Roman emperor, Caesar Augustus. Both Nazareth and Bethlehem are in the country now called Israel. It is about 65 miles (105 km) from Nazareth to Bethlehem, and the trip probably took them several days.When Joseph and Mary got to Bethlehem, there was no place for them to stay because the inn was already full. They ended up spending the night in a stable, a place where animals were kept. There was probably fresh hay on the floor that they used for beds.That night, Jesus was born. There was no crib, so they laid baby Jesus in a manger, a feeding trough for animals. The manger probably had fresh hay in it and made a nice bed for the baby.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ？
A: Mary will save people from their sins.
B: Joseph was an irresponsible man.
C: Joseph and Mary ended up spending the night in a inn when they got to Berhlehem.
D: Joseph and Mary laid baby Jesus in a manger for there was no crib
答案: Joseph and Mary laid baby Jesus in a manger for there was no crib
2、单选题：
1. Birth of JesusThis is how the birth of Jesus Christ took place. When Mary his mother was engaged to Joseph, before they were married, she became pregnant by the Holy Spirit. Joseph her husband was a righteous man. Because he didn’t want to humiliate her, he decided to call off their engagement quietly. As he was thinking about this, an angel from the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, don’t be afraid to take Mary as your wife, because the child she carries was conceived by the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you will call him Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.” Now all of this took place so that what the Lord had spoken through the prophet would be fulfilled:Look! A virgin will become pregnant and give birth to a son, And they will call him, Emmanuel.(Emmanuel means “God with us.”)When Joseph woke up, he did just as an angel from God commanded and took Mary as his wife. But he didn’t have sexual relations with her until she gave birth to a son. Joseph called him Jesus.They had to travel to the city of Bethlehem to register for a census ordered by the Roman emperor, Caesar Augustus. Both Nazareth and Bethlehem are in the country now called Israel. It is about 65 miles (105 km) from Nazareth to Bethlehem, and the trip probably took them several days.When Joseph and Mary got to Bethlehem, there was no place for them to stay because the inn was already full. They ended up spending the night in a stable, a place where animals were kept. There was probably fresh hay on the floor that they used for beds.That night, Jesus was born. There was no crib, so they laid baby Jesus in a manger, a feeding trough for animals. The manger probably had fresh hay in it and made a nice bed for the baby.2. What do you think the underlined word is in the passage?
A: A kind of animal
B: A kind of furniture
C: A kind of food
D: A kind of flavor
答案: A kind of furniture
3、单选题：
2. Gifts of the magiAfter Jesus was born in Bethlehem in the territory of Judea during the rule of King Herod, magi came from the east to Jerusalem. They asked, “Where is the newborn king of the Jews? We’ve seen his star in the east, and we’ve come to honor him.”When King Herod heard this, he was troubled, and everyone in Jerusalem was troubled with him. He gathered all the chief priests and the legal experts and asked them where the Christ was to be born. They said, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for this is what the prophet wrote:You, Bethlehem, land of Judah, by no means are you least among the rulers of Judah, because from you will come one who governs, who will shepherd my people Israel.”Then Herod secretly called for the magi and found out from them the time when the star had first appeared. He sent them to Bethlehem, saying, “Go and search carefully for the child. When you’ve found him, report to me so that I too may go and honor him.” When they heard the king, they went; and look, the star they had seen in the east went ahead of them until it stood over the place where the child was. When they saw the star, they were filled with joy. They entered the house and saw the child with Mary his mother. Falling to their knees, they honored him. Then they opened their treasure chests and presented him with gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Because they were warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they went back to their own country by another route.3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A: Everyone in Jerusalem was troubled with King Herod.
B: Magi came from the west to Jerusalem.
C: The prophet was unreliable.
D: Magi was a threat to King Herod.
答案: Everyone in Jerusalem was troubled with King Herod.
4、单选题：
2. Gifts of the magiAfter Jesus was born in Bethlehem in the territory of Judea during the rule of King Herod, magi came from the east to Jerusalem. They asked, “Where is the newborn king of the Jews? We’ve seen his star in the east, and we’ve come to honor him.”When King Herod heard this, he was troubled, and everyone in Jerusalem was troubled with him. He gathered all the chief priests and the legal experts and asked them where the Christ was to be born. They said, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for this is what the prophet wrote:You, Bethlehem, land of Judah, by no means are you least among the rulers of Judah, because from you will come one who governs, who will shepherd my people Israel.”Then Herod secretly called for the magi and found out from them the time when the star had first appeared. He sent them to Bethlehem, saying, “Go and search carefully for the child. When you’ve found him, report to me so that I too may go and honor him.” When they heard the king, they went; and look, the star they had seen in the east went ahead of them until it stood over the place where the child was. When they saw the star, they were filled with joy. They entered the house and saw the child with Mary his mother. Falling to their knees, they honored him. Then they opened their treasure chests and presented him with gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Because they were warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they went back to their own country by another route.4. Why did King Herod sent the magi to Bethlehem?
A: He wanted to start a war.
B: In order to find Jesus.
C: To gave threat to the magi.
D: To win some support.
答案: In order to find Jesus.
5、单选题：
3. Escape to EgyptWhen the magi had departed, an angel from the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said, “Get up. Take the child and his mother and escape to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod will soon search for the child in order to kill him.” Joseph got up and, during the night, took the child and his mother to Egypt. He stayed there until Herod died. This fulfilled what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: I have called my son out of Egypt.When Herod knew the magi had fooled him, he grew very angry. He sent soldiers to kill all the male children in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding territory who were two years old and younger, according to the time that he had learned from the magi. This fulfilled the word spoken through Jeremiah the prophet:A voice was heard in Ramah, weeping and much grieving. Rachel weeping for her children, and she did not want to be comforted, because they were no more.After King Herod died, an angel from the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt. “Get up,” the angel said, “and take the child and his mother and go to the land of Israel. Those who were trying to kill the child are dead.” Joseph got up, took the child and his mother, and went to the land of Israel. 5.What can be inferred from the passage?
A: The angel told Joseph to take the child and his mother and escape to India
B: Herod grew very angry when he knew the magi had fooled him
C: King Herod killed Joseph in the end
D: Joseph didn’t listen to the angel
答案: Herod grew very angry when he knew the magi had fooled him
6、单选题：
3. Escape to EgyptWhen the magi had departed, an angel from the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said, “Get up. Take the child and his mother and escape to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod will soon search for the child in order to kill him.” Joseph got up and, during the night, took the child and his mother to Egypt. He stayed there until Herod died. This fulfilled what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: I have called my son out of Egypt.When Herod knew the magi had fooled him, he grew very angry. He sent soldiers to kill all the male children in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding territory who were two years old and younger, according to the time that he had learned from the magi. This fulfilled the word spoken through Jeremiah the prophet:A voice was heard in Ramah, weeping and much grieving. Rachel weeping for her children, and she did not want to be comforted, because they were no more.After King Herod died, an angel from the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt. “Get up,” the angel said, “and take the child and his mother and go to the land of Israel. Those who were trying to kill the child are dead.” Joseph got up, took the child and his mother, and went to the land of Israel. 6. What did Herod do after he knew the magi had fooled him?
A: He sent a spy to Bethlehem
B: He gave a prophet immediately
C: He sent soldiers to kill all the male children in Bethlehem
D: He arrested the Joseph and killed him
答案: He sent soldiers to kill all the male children in Bethlehem
7、单选题：
4. The Gift of the Magi by O Henry (Summary)The story begins with Della despairing over the meager amount of money she’s managed to save over the past few months by pinching pennies. She had been hoping to save enough to buy her husband Jim a worthy Christmas present. Della suddenly goes to gaze at her reflection in a window, letting her hair fall to its full length below her knee. Della’s brown hair and Jim’s gold watch that had been passed down from his grandfather are the couple’s most prized possessions.Della runs to a hair shop and sells her hair for twenty dollars. Then she uses the money to buy Jim a simple platinum watch chain. The chain is described as possessing “quietness and value,” like Jim.Della returns home to fix her hair into curls and make dinner. When Jim walks into the door, he freezes, staring at Della’s hair. Della tells him that she did it in order to buy a proper Christmas present for him. Jim snaps out of his shock, hugs Della, and throws a package on the table. He explains that no haircut could make him love her any less, but that he was surprised because of the present that he bought for her. Della opens the package to find expensive tortoiseshell combs for her long hair. She’s ecstatic for a moment before she begins crying, and Jim has to comfort her.Suddenly, Della remembers her present to Jim, and asks to see Jim’s watch so that she could put the new chain on it. Jim sits back on the couch and smiles, then admits that he sold his watch in order to buy the combs.The narrator wraps up the story by describing the magi who invented the art of giving Christmas presents. He compares Della and Jim to these wise men, and concludes that of all those who give gifts, these two are the wisest.7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage ？
A: Della runs to a hair shop to ask for advice.
B: A simple platinum watch chain is the gift for Jim.
C: Della is ecstatic when she opens the package.
D: Jim explains that no haircut can make him love Della any less.
答案: Della runs to a hair shop to ask for advice.
8、单选题：
4. The Gift of the Magi by O Henry (Summary)The story begins with Della despairing over the meager amount of money she’s managed to save over the past few months by pinching pennies. She had been hoping to save enough to buy her husband Jim a worthy Christmas present. Della suddenly goes to gaze at her reflection in a window, letting her hair fall to its full length below her knee. Della’s brown hair and Jim’s gold watch that had been passed down from his grandfather are the couple’s most prized possessions.Della runs to a hair shop and sells her hair for twenty dollars. Then she uses the money to buy Jim a simple platinum watch chain. The chain is described as possessing “quietness and value,” like Jim.Della returns home to fix her hair into curls and make dinner. When Jim walks into the door, he freezes, staring at Della’s hair. Della tells him that she did it in order to buy a proper Christmas present for him. Jim snaps out of his shock, hugs Della, and throws a package on the table. He explains that no haircut could make him love her any less, but that he was surprised because of the present that he bought for her. Della opens the package to find expensive tortoiseshell combs for her long hair. She’s ecstatic for a moment before she begins crying, and Jim has to comfort her.Suddenly, Della remembers her present to Jim, and asks to see Jim’s watch so that she could put the new chain on it. Jim sits back on the couch and smiles, then admits that he sold his watch in order to buy the combs.The narrator wraps up the story by describing the magi who invented the art of giving Christmas presents. He compares Della and Jim to these wise men, and concludes that of all those who give gifts, these two are the wisest.8. What do you think of Della and Jim?
A: They are indifferent to each other.
B: They are selfish and inconsiderate
C: They love each other so much
D: They are heartless people
答案: They love each other so much
9、单选题：
5. A rich man and his stewardJesus told his disciples: “There was a rich man whose steward was accused of wasting his possessions. So he called him in and asked him, ‘What is this I hear about you? Give an account of your management, because you cannot be steward any longer.’ “The steward said to himself, ‘What shall I do now? My master is taking away my job. I’m not strong enough to dig, and I’m ashamed to beg—I know what I’ll do so that, when I lose my job here, people will welcome me into their houses.’ “So he called in each one of his master’s debtors. He asked the first, ‘How much do you owe my master?’ “‘Nine hundred gallons of olive oil,’ he replied. “The steward told him, ‘Take your bill, sit down quickly, and make it four hundred and fifty.’ “Then he asked the second, ‘And how much do you owe?’ “‘A thousand bushels of wheat,’ he replied. “He told him, ‘Take your bill and make it eight hundred.’ “The master commended the dishonest steward because he had acted shrewdly. For the people of this world are more shrewd in dealing with their own kind than are the people of the light. I tell you, use worldly wealth to gain friends for yourselves, so that when it is gone, you will be welcomed into eternal dwellings. “Whoever can be trusted with very little can also be trusted with much, and whoever is dishonest with very little will also be dishonest with much. So if you have not been trustworthy in handling worldly wealth, who will trust you with true riches? And if you have not been trustworthy with someone else’s property, who will give you property of your own?9. What can be inferred from the passage?
A: The rich man was very gracious.
B: The master hit the dishonest steward badly.
C: The rich man’s steward was accused of wasting his possessions.
D: The steward begged for forgiveness from the rich man.
答案: The rich man’s steward was accused of wasting his possessions.
10、单选题：
5. A rich man and his stewardJesus told his disciples: “There was a rich man whose steward was accused of wasting his possessions. So he called him in and asked him, ‘What is this I hear about you? Give an account of your management, because you cannot be steward any longer.’ “The steward said to himself, ‘What shall I do now? My master is taking away my job. I’m not strong enough to dig, and I’m ashamed to beg—I know what I’ll do so that, when I lose my job here, people will welcome me into their houses.’ “So he called in each one of his master’s debtors. He asked the first, ‘How much do you owe my master?’ “‘Nine hundred gallons of olive oil,’ he replied. “The steward told him, ‘Take your bill, sit down quickly, and make it four hundred and fifty.’ “Then he asked the second, ‘And how much do you owe?’ “‘A thousand bushels of wheat,’ he replied. “He told him, ‘Take your bill and make it eight hundred.’ “The master commended the dishonest steward because he had acted shrewdly. For the people of this world are more shrewd in dealing with their own kind than are the people of the light. I tell you, use worldly wealth to gain friends for yourselves, so that when it is gone, you will be welcomed into eternal dwellings. “Whoever can be trusted with very little can also be trusted with much, and whoever is dishonest with very little will also be dishonest with much. So if you have not been trustworthy in handling worldly wealth, who will trust you with true riches? And if you have not been trustworthy with someone else’s property, who will give you property of your own?10. What is the main idea of the passage？
A: Stewards should be strict with themselves.
B: Master should be grateful for everything they have.
C: Honesty is needed only when you made mistakes.
D: Honesty is an important value
答案: Honesty is an important value
11、单选题：
6. Jesus’ LifeAlthough born in Bethlehem, according to Matthew and Luke, Jesus was a Galilean（加利利人） from Nazareth, a village near Sepphoris, one of the two major cities of Galilee. He was born to Joseph and Mary sometime between 6 BC and shortly before the death of Herod the Great in 4 BC. According to Matthew and Luke, however, Joseph was only legally his father. They report that Mary was a virgin when Jesus was conceived and that she “was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit” . Joseph is said to have been a carpenter—that is, a craftsman who worked with his hands—and Jesus also became a carpenter.The Bible states that Jesus as a child was precociously（超前地） learned, but there is no other evidence of his childhood or early life. As a young adult, he went to be baptized（洗礼） by the prophet John the Baptist and shortly thereafter became an itinerant（巡回的） preacher （传道者）and healer. In his mid-30s Jesus had a short public career, lasting perhaps less than one year, during which he attracted considerable attention. Sometime between AD 29 and 33—possibly AD 30—he went to observe Passover（逾越节） in Jerusalem, where his entrance, according to the Gospels, was triumphant and infused with eschatological significance. There he was arrested, tried, and executed. Jesus Christ lived on earth about thirty-three years, and led a most holy life in poverty and suffering. After his death, his disciples became convinced that he still lived and had appeared to them. They converted others to belief in him, which eventually led to a new religion, Christianity.When Jesus lived on earth, he performed many miracles. The gospels describe such miracles: healing the sick, casting out the demons of mental illness from the tormented, and even bringing the dead back to life. Here are some miracles recorded in the Bible.1. Water into WineThe first miracle that Jesus did was at a wedding feast in the town of Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother, Mary, told Jesus that the wedding host was out of wine. Jesus told the servants to fill the water pots with water and then when they dipped it out, there was wine in the jars. Jesus had turned the water into wine. 2. Calming the StormJesus and his disciples were out on the lake when a storm suddenly came up. Jesus was asleep in the boat and his friends were afraid. They woke him. He got up and told the storm to stop and it was completely calm; the wind stopped blowing and the water was still. His disciples were amazed! “Even the winds and the waves obey Him,” they said. 3. HealingsThere was a man in Jerusalem who had been blind from birth. Jesus put clay on the blind man’s eyes and told him to go wash in the pool of Siloam. When he washed the clay off, he could see. (John 9:1-41)Once in Jerusalem, a blind beggar named Bartimaeus asked Jesus for mercy and healing. Jesus told him that his faith had cured him and the man praised God for his sight. (Mark 10:46-52)Christians believe that through his crucifixion(受难；被钉十字架) and subsequent resurrection, God offered humans salvation and eternal life.11. Which one is TRUE according to this passage?
A: Jesus was jobless throughout his life.
B: Jesus lived to old age on earth.
C: Jesus healed many people with kinds of diseases.
D: Jesus was wealthy when he was on earth.
答案: Jesus healed many people with kinds of diseases.
12、单选题：
6. Jesus’ LifeAlthough born in Bethlehem, according to Matthew and Luke, Jesus was a Galilean（加利利人） from Nazareth, a village near Sepphoris, one of the two major cities of Galilee. He was born to Joseph and Mary sometime between 6 BC and shortly before the death of Herod the Great in 4 BC. According to Matthew and Luke, however, Joseph was only legally his father. They report that Mary was a virgin when Jesus was conceived and that she “was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit” . Joseph is said to have been a carpenter—that is, a craftsman who worked with his hands—and Jesus also became a carpenter.The Bible states that Jesus as a child was precociously（超前地） learned, but there is no other evidence of his childhood or early life. As a young adult, he went to be baptized（洗礼） by the prophet John the Baptist and shortly thereafter became an itinerant（巡回的） preacher （传道者）and healer. In his mid-30s Jesus had a short public career, lasting perhaps less than one year, during which he attracted considerable attention. Sometime between AD 29 and 33—possibly AD 30—he went to observe Passover（逾越节） in Jerusalem, where his entrance, according to the Gospels, was triumphant and infused with eschatological significance. There he was arrested, tried, and executed. Jesus Christ lived on earth about thirty-three years, and led a most holy life in poverty and suffering. After his death, his disciples became convinced that he still lived and had appeared to them. They converted others to belief in him, which eventually led to a new religion, Christianity.When Jesus lived on earth, he performed many miracles. The gospels describe such miracles: healing the sick, casting out the demons of mental illness from the tormented, and even bringing the dead back to life. Here are some miracles recorded in the Bible.1. Water into WineThe first miracle that Jesus did was at a wedding feast in the town of Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother, Mary, told Jesus that the wedding host was out of wine. Jesus told the servants to fill the water pots with water and then when they dipped it out, there was wine in the jars. Jesus had turned the water into wine. 2. Calming the StormJesus and his disciples were out on the lake when a storm suddenly came up. Jesus was asleep in the boat and his friends were afraid. They woke him. He got up and told the storm to stop and it was completely calm; the wind stopped blowing and the water was still. His disciples were amazed! “Even the winds and the waves obey Him,” they said. 3. HealingsThere was a man in Jerusalem who had been blind from birth. Jesus put clay on the blind man’s eyes and told him to go wash in the pool of Siloam. When he washed the clay off, he could see. (John 9:1-41)Once in Jerusalem, a blind beggar named Bartimaeus asked Jesus for mercy and healing. Jesus told him that his faith had cured him and the man praised God for his sight. (Mark 10:46-52)Christians believe that through his crucifixion(受难；被钉十字架) and subsequent resurrection, God offered humans salvation and eternal life.12. The underlined word “resurrection” in the last paragraph means _______.
A: Death.
B: Disappearance.
C: Revival.
D: Redemption.
答案: Revival.
13、单选题：
7. The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments（十诫）are a set of rules or laws, God gave to the people of Israel. The commandments exist in different versions. One version can be found in the Book of Exodus(《出埃及记》) of the Bible. The rules were written on stone tablets（牌，匾，碑）. These rules are important for Judaism（犹太教）and Christianity and for all societies based on their principles.Sometimes these rules are also called Decalogue（摩西十诫） (from Greek, can be translated as ten statements). The Israelites（以色列人） received the commandments after they had left Egypt during the reign of Pharaoh Thutmose. There are different texts talking about the commandments.The Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:2-17 ESV)1. “You shall have no other gods before me.”2. “You shall not make yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God are only worthy of worship, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.”3. “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.4. “Remember the Sabbath day（安息日）, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, or your servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.”5. “Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.”6. “You shall not murder.”7. “You shall not commit adultery.”8. “You shall not steal.”9. “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.”10. “You shall not covet（贪求，觊觎） your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.”Short Summary of the Ten Commandments:1. Do not have any other gods before God2. Do not make yourself an idol（偶像）3. Do not take the Lord’s name in vain4. Remember the Sabbath Day and keep it holy5. Honor your Father and Mother6. Do not murder7. Do not commit adultery（通奸）8. Do not steal9. Do not testify or bear false witness against your neighbor10. Do not covetGod gave Moses the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai to serve as principles of moral behavior for the human race. The Ten Commandments of God are the foundation of the moral code and legal system of justice for Western Christian civilization（文明）.13. Which one is NOT TRUE according to the Ten Commandments in this passage?
A: Christians should not worship other gods.
B: The Sabbath Day is on Saturday.
C: Christians should not envy others.
D: The Ten Commandments are principles of human’s moral behaviors.
答案: The Sabbath Day is on Saturday.
14、单选题：
7. The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments（十诫）are a set of rules or laws, God gave to the people of Israel. The commandments exist in different versions. One version can be found in the Book of Exodus(《出埃及记》) of the Bible. The rules were written on stone tablets（牌，匾，碑）. These rules are important for Judaism（犹太教）and Christianity and for all societies based on their principles.Sometimes these rules are also called Decalogue（摩西十诫） (from Greek, can be translated as ten statements). The Israelites（以色列人） received the commandments after they had left Egypt during the reign of Pharaoh Thutmose. There are different texts talking about the commandments.The Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:2-17 ESV)1. “You shall have no other gods before me.”2. “You shall not make yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God are only worthy of worship, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.”3. “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.4. “Remember the Sabbath day（安息日）, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, or your servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.”5. “Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.”6. “You shall not murder.”7. “You shall not commit adultery.”8. “You shall not steal.”9. “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.”10. “You shall not covet（贪求，觊觎） your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.”Short Summary of the Ten Commandments:1. Do not have any other gods before God2. Do not make yourself an idol（偶像）3. Do not take the Lord’s name in vain4. Remember the Sabbath Day and keep it holy5. Honor your Father and Mother6. Do not murder7. Do not commit adultery（通奸）8. Do not steal9. Do not testify or bear false witness against your neighbor10. Do not covetGod gave Moses the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai to serve as principles of moral behavior for the human race. The Ten Commandments of God are the foundation of the moral code and legal system of justice for Western Christian civilization（文明）.14. Which one of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A: The Ten Commandments was proposed by Moses.
B: The Ten Commandments are not important for other regions except Christianity.
C: People should not scold their neighbors.
D: People should treat their parents well.
答案: People should treat their parents well.
15、单选题：
8. Gift giving at ChristmasChristmas or Christmas Day (Old English: Crīstesmæsse, meaning “Christ’s Mass”) is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an Octave. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world’s nations, is celebrated culturally by a large number of non-Christian people, and is an integral part of the holiday season, while some Christian groups reject the celebration. In several countries, celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25, with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family.Gift giving is a commonly practised tradition during Christmas. It is believed that giving gifts at Christmas is done to remember the Wise Men who presented gifts to the baby Jesus.The story of the Wise Men is found in Matthew 2 in the Bible. Jesus was born in Israel, and wise men from the east saw a star in the sky. They knew the star was pointing to Jesus, king of the Jews. They wanted to worship Jesus, so they followed the star to Bethlehem, where Jesus lived as a baby. As a way to worship him, they offered him their gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.Some people think Christmas itself is really about a big present that God gave the world about 2000 years ago – Jesus! One of the most famous Bible verses, John 3:16, says: “God loved the world so much, that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not be lost but have eternal life.”It is most common for family members to give gifts to each other at Christmas. Parents give gifts to their children. Children usually give a small gift to their parents. Siblings give gifts to each other. Grandparents give gifts to their grandchildren. It is also common for friends to give gifts to each other. Many companies also give gifts to their employees at Christmas.Children, of course, love to receive toys as gifts. Most adults who receive gifts want something practical, something that they can use. Gifts can be bought at stores or online. Sometimes, the most meaningful gift is one that is homemade: a craft, a decoration, or food.All over the world, families and friends give presents to each other. Most children around the world believe in a Christmas gift bringer. It’s often St. Nicholas, Santa Claus or Father Christmas, but in parts of Germany they believe that it is the Christkind, in Spain they believe it is the Wise Men and in parts of Italy they believe it is an old lady called Befana.15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Christmas is celebrated by all of the Christians.
B: The Wise Men presented their gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh to the baby Jesus.
C: Children don’t give gifts at Christmas.
D: All children around the world believe in a Christmas gift bringer.
答案: The Wise Men presented their gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh to the baby Jesus.
16、单选题：
8. Gift giving at ChristmasChristmas or Christmas Day (Old English: Crīstesmæsse, meaning “Christ’s Mass”) is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed most commonly on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is prepared for by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an Octave. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world’s nations, is celebrated culturally by a large number of non-Christian people, and is an integral part of the holiday season, while some Christian groups reject the celebration. In several countries, celebrating Christmas Eve on December 24 has the main focus rather than December 25, with gift-giving and sharing a traditional meal with the family.Gift giving is a commonly practised tradition during Christmas. It is believed that giving gifts at Christmas is done to remember the Wise Men who presented gifts to the baby Jesus.The story of the Wise Men is found in Matthew 2 in the Bible. Jesus was born in Israel, and wise men from the east saw a star in the sky. They knew the star was pointing to Jesus, king of the Jews. They wanted to worship Jesus, so they followed the star to Bethlehem, where Jesus lived as a baby. As a way to worship him, they offered him their gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.Some people think Christmas itself is really about a big present that God gave the world about 2000 years ago – Jesus! One of the most famous Bible verses, John 3:16, says: “God loved the world so much, that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not be lost but have eternal life.”It is most common for family members to give gifts to each other at Christmas. Parents give gifts to their children. Children usually give a small gift to their parents. Siblings give gifts to each other. Grandparents give gifts to their grandchildren. It is also common for friends to give gifts to each other. Many companies also give gifts to their employees at Christmas.Children, of course, love to receive toys as gifts. Most adults who receive gifts want something practical, something that they can use. Gifts can be bought at stores or online. Sometimes, the most meaningful gift is one that is homemade: a craft, a decoration, or food.All over the world, families and friends give presents to each other. Most children around the world believe in a Christmas gift bringer. It’s often St. Nicholas, Santa Claus or Father Christmas, but in parts of Germany they believe that it is the Christkind, in Spain they believe it is the Wise Men and in parts of Italy they believe it is an old lady called Befana.16. Which of the following is NOT thought to be a Christmas gift bringer?
A: Jesus.
B: Befana.
C: St. Nicholas.
D: The Wise Men.
答案: Jesus.
17、单选题：
9. The Colors of Christmas There are several colors which are traditionally associated with Christmas, such as green, red and gold. But why do people have them and what do the colors represent?Most the colors and their meanings come from the western/northern European traditions and customs, when Christmas is in the middle of winter and it’s dark and cold.1）GreenEvergreen plants, like Holly, Ivy and Mistletoe have been used for thousands of years to decorate and brighten up buildings during the long dark winter. They also reminded people that spring would come and that winter wouldn’t last forever!The Romans would exchange evergreen branches during January as a sign of good luck. The ancient Egyptians used to bring palm branches into their houses during the mid winter festivals.In many parts of Europe during the middle ages, Paradise plays were performed, often on Christmas Eve. They told Bible stories to people who couldn’t read. The “Paradise Tree” in the garden of Eden in the play was normally a pine tree with red apples tied to it.Now the most common use of green at Christmas are Christmas Trees.2）RedAs mentioned above, an early use of red at Christmas were the apples on the paradise tree. They represented the fall of Adam in the plays. Red is also the color of Holly berries, which is said to represent the blood of Jesus when he died on the cross. And red is the color of Bishops robes. These would have been worn by St. Nicholas and then also became Santa’s uniform!3）GoldGold is the color of the Sun and light – both very important in the dark winter. And both red and gold are the colors of fire that you need to keep you warm. Gold was also one of the presents brought to the baby Jesus by one of the wise men and traditionally it’s the color used to show the star that the wise men followed. Silver is sometimes used instead of (or with) gold. But gold is a “warmer” color.4）WhiteWhite is often associated with purity and peace in western cultures. The snow of winter is also very white! White paper wafers were also sometimes used to decorate paradise trees. The wafers represented the bread eaten during Christian Communion or Mass, when Christians remember that Jesus died for them. White is used by most churches as the color of Christmas, when the altar is covered with a white cloth (in the Russian Orthodox Church Gold is used for Christmas).5）BlueThe color blue is often associated with Mary, the mother of Jesus. In medieval times blue dye and paint was more expensive than gold! So it would only be worn by Royal families and very rich people. Mary was often painted wearing blue to show she was very important. Blue can also represent the color of the sky and heaven.17. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: In many parts of Europe during the middle ages, Paradise plays were performed, often on December 25th .
B: Red is the color of Santa’s uniform.
C: Gold is used as one of the colors of Christmas because it stands for royalty.
D: Mary was often painted wearing blue because she was very rich.
答案: Red is the color of Santa’s uniform.
18、单选题：
9. The Colors of Christmas There are several colors which are traditionally associated with Christmas, such as green, red and gold. But why do people have them and what do the colors represent?Most the colors and their meanings come from the western/northern European traditions and customs, when Christmas is in the middle of winter and it’s dark and cold.1）GreenEvergreen plants, like Holly, Ivy and Mistletoe have been used for thousands of years to decorate and brighten up buildings during the long dark winter. They also reminded people that spring would come and that winter wouldn’t last forever!The Romans would exchange evergreen branches during January as a sign of good luck. The ancient Egyptians used to bring palm branches into their houses during the mid winter festivals.In many parts of Europe during the middle ages, Paradise plays were performed, often on Christmas Eve. They told Bible stories to people who couldn’t read. The “Paradise Tree” in the garden of Eden in the play was normally a pine tree with red apples tied to it.Now the most common use of green at Christmas are Christmas Trees.2）RedAs mentioned above, an early use of red at Christmas were the apples on the paradise tree. They represented the fall of Adam in the plays. Red is also the color of Holly berries, which is said to represent the blood of Jesus when he died on the cross. And red is the color of Bishops robes. These would have been worn by St. Nicholas and then also became Santa’s uniform!3）GoldGold is the color of the Sun and light – both very important in the dark winter. And both red and gold are the colors of fire that you need to keep you warm. Gold was also one of the presents brought to the baby Jesus by one of the wise men and traditionally it’s the color used to show the star that the wise men followed. Silver is sometimes used instead of (or with) gold. But gold is a “warmer” color.4）WhiteWhite is often associated with purity and peace in western cultures. The snow of winter is also very white! White paper wafers were also sometimes used to decorate paradise trees. The wafers represented the bread eaten during Christian Communion or Mass, when Christians remember that Jesus died for them. White is used by most churches as the color of Christmas, when the altar is covered with a white cloth (in the Russian Orthodox Church Gold is used for Christmas).5）BlueThe color blue is often associated with Mary, the mother of Jesus. In medieval times blue dye and paint was more expensive than gold! So it would only be worn by Royal families and very rich people. Mary was often painted wearing blue to show she was very important. Blue can also represent the color of the sky and heaven.18. Which one of the following colors is used to represent the star according to the passage?
A: White.
B: Yellow.
C: Silver.
D: Gold.
答案: Gold.
19、单选题：
10. The Man Behind the Story of Father Christmas/Santa ClausSt. Nicholas was a Bishop who lived in the fourth century in a place called Myra in Asia Minor (now called Turkey). He was a very rich man because his parents died when he was young and left him a lot of money. He was also a very kind man and had a reputation for helping the poor and giving secret gifts to people who needed it. There are several legends about St. Nicholas, although we don’t know if any of them are true!The most famous story about St. Nicholas tells how the custom of hanging up stockings to put presents started! It goes like this:There was a poor man who had three daughters. The man was so poor that he did not have enough money for a dowry, so his daughters couldn’t get married. (A dowry is a sum of money paid to the bridegroom by the bride’s parents on the wedding day. This still happens in some countries, even today.) One night, Nicholas secretly dropped a bag of gold down the chimney and into the house (This meant that the oldest daughter was then able to be married.). The bag fell into a stocking that had been hung by the fire to dry! This was repeated later with the second daughter. Finally, determined to discover the person who had given him the money, the father secretly hid by the fire every evening until he caught Nicholas dropping in a bag of gold. Nicholas begged the man to not tell anyone what he had done, because he did not want to bring attention to himself. But soon the news got out and when anyone received a secret gift, it was thought that maybe it was from Nicholas.Because of his kindness Nicholas was made a Saint. St. Nicholas is not only the saint of children but also of sailors! One story tells of him helping some sailors that were caught in a dreadful storm off the coast of Turkey. The storm was raging around them and all the men were terrified that their ship would sink beneath the giant waves. They prayed to St. Nicholas to help them. Suddenly, he was standing on the deck before them. He ordered the sea to be calm, the storm died away, and they were able to sail their ship safely to the port.St. Nicholas was exiled from Myra and later put in prison during the persecution by the Emperor Diocletian. No one really knows when he died, but it was on 6th December in either 345 or 352. In 1087, his bones were stolen from Turkey by some Italian merchant sailors. The bones are now kept in the Church named after him in the Italian port of Bari. On St. Nicholas feast day (6th December), the sailors of Bari still carry his statue from the Cathedral out to the sea, so that he can bless the waters and so give them safe voyages throughout the year.19. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: St. Nicholas had sent gold to the poor family for three times.
B: St. Nicholas was regarded as a patron saint by sailors.
C: St. Nicholas was a generous God.
D: December 6th was considered as the day when St. Nicholas died.
答案: St. Nicholas was a generous God.
20、单选题：
10. The Man Behind the Story of Father Christmas/Santa ClausSt. Nicholas was a Bishop who lived in the fourth century in a place called Myra in Asia Minor (now called Turkey). He was a very rich man because his parents died when he was young and left him a lot of money. He was also a very kind man and had a reputation for helping the poor and giving secret gifts to people who needed it. There are several legends about St. Nicholas, although we don’t know if any of them are true!The most famous story about St. Nicholas tells how the custom of hanging up stockings to put presents started! It goes like this:There was a poor man who had three daughters. The man was so poor that he did not have enough money for a dowry, so his daughters couldn’t get married. (A dowry is a sum of money paid to the bridegroom by the bride’s parents on the wedding day. This still happens in some countries, even today.) One night, Nicholas secretly dropped a bag of gold down the chimney and into the house (This meant that the oldest daughter was then able to be married.). The bag fell into a stocking that had been hung by the fire to dry! This was repeated later with the second daughter. Finally, determined to discover the person who had given him the money, the father secretly hid by the fire every evening until he caught Nicholas dropping in a bag of gold. Nicholas begged the man to not tell anyone what he had done, because he did not want to bring attention to himself. But soon the news got out and when anyone received a secret gift, it was thought that maybe it was from Nicholas.Because of his kindness Nicholas was made a Saint. St. Nicholas is not only the saint of children but also of sailors! One story tells of him helping some sailors that were caught in a dreadful storm off the coast of Turkey. The storm was raging around them and all the men were terrified that their ship would sink beneath the giant waves. They prayed to St. Nicholas to help them. Suddenly, he was standing on the deck before them. He ordered the sea to be calm, the storm died away, and they were able to sail their ship safely to the port.St. Nicholas was exiled from Myra and later put in prison during the persecution by the Emperor Diocletian. No one really knows when he died, but it was on 6th December in either 345 or 352. In 1087, his bones were stolen from Turkey by some Italian merchant sailors. The bones are now kept in the Church named after him in the Italian port of Bari. On St. Nicholas feast day (6th December), the sailors of Bari still carry his statue from the Cathedral out to the sea, so that he can bless the waters and so give them safe voyages throughout the year.20. The first story in this passage tells us about the origin of ________.
A: Giving presents on Christmas Day.
B: Giving a dowry on the Wedding Day.
C: Celebration of Christmas.
D: Hanging up stockings on Christmas Eve.
答案: Hanging up stockings on Christmas Eve.
第三、四周
3.3 第三单元词汇测验
1、单选题：
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is one of the earliest written records of England.
A: anthology
B: guide
C: journal
D: annals
答案: annals
2、单选题：
Hitler and Mussolini were contemporaries.
A: living in different periods
B: living in different countries
C: living in the same period
D: living in the same country
答案: living in the same period
3、单选题：
The powers of the courts are defined by law.
A: printed
B: answered
C: specified
D: found
答案: specified
4、单选题：
At one time the boundaries of science were thought to be infinite.
A: laudatory
B: great
C: boundless
D: limited
答案: boundless
5、单选题：
He confined his activities to educational circles.
A: limited
B: continued
C: extended
D: stopped
答案: limited
6、单选题：
Never in the annals of crime has there been such a daring robbery.
A: records
B: recorders
C: recount
D: recourse
答案: records
7、单选题：
The company issues an annual report every March.
A: a yearly
B: a comprehensive
C: a financial
D: a product
答案: a yearly
8、单选题：
The chairman wanted to adjourn the meeting.
A: dissolve
B: finish
C: admit
D: adjoin
答案: dissolve
9、单选题：
The innovation of jet flight had made the world seem smaller.
A: speed
B: improvement
C: shortening
D: introduction
答案: improvement
10、单选题：
The novelty of his surroundings soon wore off, and then he wanted to move again.
A: strangeness
B: effect
C: influence
D: simplicity
答案: strangeness
11、单选题：
His brother John is a very good archer.
A: sportsman
B: swimmer
C: footballer
D: bowman
答案: bowman
12、单选题：
Before the revolution, the country had been a monarchy for hundreds of years.
A: state ruled by a king
B: state of collective leadership
C: state ruled by a group of army officers
D: state without any rulers
答案: state ruled by a king
13、单选题：
Natural adhesives are primarily of animal or vegetable origin.
A: solely
B: partially
C: principally
D: extensively
答案: principally
14、单选题：
His prime concern in life was his health.
A: untimely
B: secondly
C: significantly
D: primary
答案: primary
15、单选题：
The pioneers had to endure quite primitive living conditions.
A: comfortable
B: miserable
C: plain
D: rude
答案: plain
16、单选题：
At the opening game of the baseball season in Washington D.C., the President, according to protocol, is invited to throw out the first ball.
A: ceremony
B: amusement
C: hobby
D: religion
答案: ceremony
17、单选题：
The movie star will not accept a minor role; she wants to play the protagonist.
A: boss
B: broker
C: manager
D: lead
答案: lead
18、单选题：
After his graduation, he worked as a journalist in France.
A: traveller
B: guide
C: passenger
D: newsman
答案: newsman
19、单选题：
The car was made in 1800; it is now regarded as antique.
A: homemade
B: old
C: layman
D: gorge
答案: old
20、单选题：
The old college buildings at Oxford cost much money to renovate.
A: renew
B: decorate
C: destroy
D: replace
答案: renew
3.4 第三单元阅读理解
1、单选题：
1. Judas betrays Jesus When Jesus finished speaking all these words, he said to his disciples, “You know that the Passover is two days from now. And the Human One will be handed over to be crucified.” Then the chief priests and elders of the people gathered in the courtyard of Caiaphas the high priest. They were plotting to arrest Jesus by cunning tricks and to kill him. But they agreed that it shouldn’t happen during the feast so there wouldn’t be an uproar among the people. When Jesus was at Bethany visiting the house of Simon, who had a skin disease, a woman came to him with a vase made of alabaster containing very expensive perfume. She poured it on Jesus’ head while he was sitting at dinner. Now when the disciples saw it they were angry. But Jesus knew what they were thinking. He said, “Why do you make trouble for the woman? She’s done a good thing for me. You always have the poor with you, but you won’t always have me. By pouring this perfume over my body she’s prepared me to be buried. I tell you the truth that wherever in the whole world this good news is announced, what she’s done will also be told in memory of her.” Then one of the Twelve, who was called Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and said, “What will you give me if I turn Jesus over to you?” They paid him thirty pieces of silver. From that time on he was looking for an opportunity to turn him in.1.What can be inferred from the passage?
A: Judas was innocent and grateful.
B: The chief priests respected Jesus in a sincere way.
C: Jesus was assassinated in Passover.
D: The chief priests were plotting to arrest Jesus by cunning tricks and to kill him.
答案: The chief priests were plotting to arrest Jesus by cunning tricks and to kill him.
2、单选题：
1. Judas betrays Jesus When Jesus finished speaking all these words, he said to his disciples, “You know that the Passover is two days from now. And the Human One will be handed over to be crucified.” Then the chief priests and elders of the people gathered in the courtyard of Caiaphas the high priest. They were plotting to arrest Jesus by cunning tricks and to kill him. But they agreed that it shouldn’t happen during the feast so there wouldn’t be an uproar among the people. When Jesus was at Bethany visiting the house of Simon, who had a skin disease, a woman came to him with a vase made of alabaster containing very expensive perfume. She poured it on Jesus’ head while he was sitting at dinner. Now when the disciples saw it they were angry. But Jesus knew what they were thinking. He said, “Why do you make trouble for the woman? She’s done a good thing for me. You always have the poor with you, but you won’t always have me. By pouring this perfume over my body she’s prepared me to be buried. I tell you the truth that wherever in the whole world this good news is announced, what she’s done will also be told in memory of her.” Then one of the Twelve, who was called Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and said, “What will you give me if I turn Jesus over to you?” They paid him thirty pieces of silver. From that time on he was looking for an opportunity to turn him in.2. Which of the following is the best word to describe Judas?
A: Smart.
B: Tricky.
C: Pure.
D: Dumb.
答案: Tricky.
3、单选题：
2. Last supper That evening he took his place at the table with the twelve disciples. As they were eating he said, “I assure you that one of you will betray me.” Deeply saddened, each one said to him, “I’m not the one, am I, Lord?” He replied, “The one who will betray me is the one who dips his hand with me into this bowl. The Human One goes to his death just as it is written about him. But how terrible it is for that person who betrays the Human One! It would have been better for him if he had never been born.” Now Judas, who would betray him, replied, “It’s not me, is it, Rabbi?” Jesus answered, “You said it.” While they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed it, broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, “Take and eat. This is my body.” He took a cup, gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “Drink from this, all of you. This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many so that their sins may be forgiven. I tell you, I won’t drink wine again until that day when I drink it in a new way with you in my Father’s kingdom.” Then, after singing songs of praise, they went to the Mount of Olives.3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: The last supper was a ceremonial.
B: The twelve disciples all betrayed Jesus.
C: Jesus assured that one of the twelve disciples would betray him.
D: The blood of Jesus could cure all diseases.
答案: Jesus assured that one of the twelve disciples would betray him.
4、单选题：
2. Last supper That evening he took his place at the table with the twelve disciples. As they were eating he said, “I assure you that one of you will betray me.” Deeply saddened, each one said to him, “I’m not the one, am I, Lord?” He replied, “The one who will betray me is the one who dips his hand with me into this bowl. The Human One goes to his death just as it is written about him. But how terrible it is for that person who betrays the Human One! It would have been better for him if he had never been born.” Now Judas, who would betray him, replied, “It’s not me, is it, Rabbi?” Jesus answered, “You said it.” While they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed it, broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, “Take and eat. This is my body.” He took a cup, gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “Drink from this, all of you. This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many so that their sins may be forgiven. I tell you, I won’t drink wine again until that day when I drink it in a new way with you in my Father’s kingdom.” Then, after singing songs of praise, they went to the Mount of Olives.4. The one who will betray Jesus was？
A: The one who were singing songs.
B: The one who took the cup.
C: The one who dips his hand with Jesus into a bowl.
D: The one who praised everyone in the supper.
答案: The one who dips his hand with Jesus into a bowl.
5、单选题：
3. Arrest While Jesus was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, came. With him was a large crowd carrying swords and clubs. They had been sent by the chief priests and elders of the people. His betrayer had given them a sign: “Arrest the man I kiss.” Just then he came to Jesus and said, “Hello, Rabbi.” Then he kissed him. But Jesus said to him, “Friend, do what you came to do.” Then they came and grabbed Jesus and arrested him. One of those with Jesus reached for his sword. Striking the high priest’s slave, he cut off his ear. Then Jesus said to him, “Put the sword back into its place. All those who use the sword will die by the sword. Or do you think that I’m not able to ask my Father and he will send to me more than twelve battle groups of angels right away? But if I did that, how would the scriptures be fulfilled that say this must happen?” Then Jesus said to the crowds, “Have you come with swords and clubs to arrest me, like a thief? Day after day, I sat in the temple teaching, but you didn’t arrest me. But all this has happened so that what the prophets said in the scriptures might be fulfilled.” Then all the disciples left Jesus and ran away.5. What is the sign given by the betrayer?
A: Do what you came to do.
B: Hello, Rabbi.
C: Arrest the man I kiss.
D: Put the sword back into its place.
答案: Arrest the man I kiss.
6、单选题：
3. Arrest While Jesus was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, came. With him was a large crowd carrying swords and clubs. They had been sent by the chief priests and elders of the people. His betrayer had given them a sign: “Arrest the man I kiss.” Just then he came to Jesus and said, “Hello, Rabbi.” Then he kissed him. But Jesus said to him, “Friend, do what you came to do.” Then they came and grabbed Jesus and arrested him. One of those with Jesus reached for his sword. Striking the high priest’s slave, he cut off his ear. Then Jesus said to him, “Put the sword back into its place. All those who use the sword will die by the sword. Or do you think that I’m not able to ask my Father and he will send to me more than twelve battle groups of angels right away? But if I did that, how would the scriptures be fulfilled that say this must happen?” Then Jesus said to the crowds, “Have you come with swords and clubs to arrest me, like a thief? Day after day, I sat in the temple teaching, but you didn’t arrest me. But all this has happened so that what the prophets said in the scriptures might be fulfilled.” Then all the disciples left Jesus and ran away.6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Judas fooled other disciples and killed them.
B: Jesus was arrested by Judas.
C: Jesus was killed in the crowd.
D: All the disciples left Jesus and ran away in the end.
答案: All the disciples left Jesus and ran away in the end.
7、单选题：
4. Judas’ death When Judas, who betrayed Jesus, saw that Jesus was condemned to die, he felt deep regret. He returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, and said, “I did wrong because I betrayed an innocent man.” But they said, “What is that to us? That’s your problem.” Judas threw the silver pieces into the temple and left. Then he went and hanged himself. The chief priests picked up the silver pieces and said, “According to the Law it’s not right to put this money in the treasury. Since it was used to pay for someone’s life, it’s unclean.” So they decided to use it to buy the potter’s field where strangers could be buried. That’s why that field is called “Field of Blood” to this very day. This fulfilled the words of Jeremiah the prophet: And I took the thirty pieces of silver, the price for the one whose price had been set by some of the Israelites, and I gave them for the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.7.Why is it not right to put the money in the treasury?
A: Because the money was used for protecting Jesus.
B: Because the money was used to pay for someone’s life.
C: Because the money has something to do with Judas.
D: Because the money was used for save someone’s life.
答案: Because the money was used to pay for someone’s life.
8、单选题：
4. Judas’ death When Judas, who betrayed Jesus, saw that Jesus was condemned to die, he felt deep regret. He returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, and said, “I did wrong because I betrayed an innocent man.” But they said, “What is that to us? That’s your problem.” Judas threw the silver pieces into the temple and left. Then he went and hanged himself. The chief priests picked up the silver pieces and said, “According to the Law it’s not right to put this money in the treasury. Since it was used to pay for someone’s life, it’s unclean.” So they decided to use it to buy the potter’s field where strangers could be buried. That’s why that field is called “Field of Blood” to this very day. This fulfilled the words of Jeremiah the prophet: And I took the thirty pieces of silver, the price for the one whose price had been set by some of the Israelites, and I gave them for the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me.8.What can be inferred from the passage?
A: Judas hanged himself in a crowd.
B: The money was used to buy the graveyard for those strangers.
C: The field is called “Field of Fire”.
D: Judas threw the silver pieces so as to curse Jesus.
答案: The money was used to buy the graveyard for those strangers.
9、单选题：
5. Crucifixion After they crucified him, they divided up his clothes among them by drawing lots. They sat there, guarding him. They placed above his head the charge against him. It read, “This is Jesus, the king of the Jews.” They crucified with him two outlaws, one on his right side and one on his left. From noon until three in the afternoon the whole earth was dark. At about three Jesus cried out with a loud shout, “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani,” which means, “My God, my God, why have you left me?” Again Jesus cried out with a loud shout. Then he died. Look, the curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, the rocks split, and the bodies of many holy people who had died were raised. After Jesus’ resurrection they came out of their graves and went into the holy city where they appeared to many people. When the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus saw the earthquake and what had just happened, they were filled with awe and said, “This was certainly God’s Son.” After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the tomb. Look, there was a great earthquake, for an angel from the Lord came down from heaven. Coming to the stone, he rolled it away and sat on it. Now his face was like lightning and his clothes as white as snow. The guards were so terrified of him that they shook with fear and became like dead men. But the angel said to the women, “Don’t be afraid. I know that you are looking for Jesus who was crucified. He isn’t here, because he’s been raised from the dead, just as he said. Come, see the place where they laid him. Now hurry, go and tell his disciples, ‘He’s been raised from the dead. He’s going on ahead of you to Galilee. You will see him there.’ I’ve given the message to you.” With great fear and excitement, they hurried away from the tomb and ran to tell his disciples. But Jesus met them and greeted them. They came and grabbed his feet and worshipped him. Then Jesus said to them, “Don’t be afraid. Go and tell my brothers that I am going into Galilee. They will see me there.”9.The underlined word in the passage can be replaced by?
A: Criticized.
B: Protected.
C: Mocked.
D: Honored.
答案: Honored.
10、单选题：
5. Crucifixion After they crucified him, they divided up his clothes among them by drawing lots. They sat there, guarding him. They placed above his head the charge against him. It read, “This is Jesus, the king of the Jews.” They crucified with him two outlaws, one on his right side and one on his left. From noon until three in the afternoon the whole earth was dark. At about three Jesus cried out with a loud shout, “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani,” which means, “My God, my God, why have you left me?” Again Jesus cried out with a loud shout. Then he died. Look, the curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, the rocks split, and the bodies of many holy people who had died were raised. After Jesus’ resurrection they came out of their graves and went into the holy city where they appeared to many people. When the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus saw the earthquake and what had just happened, they were filled with awe and said, “This was certainly God’s Son.” After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the tomb. Look, there was a great earthquake, for an angel from the Lord came down from heaven. Coming to the stone, he rolled it away and sat on it. Now his face was like lightning and his clothes as white as snow. The guards were so terrified of him that they shook with fear and became like dead men. But the angel said to the women, “Don’t be afraid. I know that you are looking for Jesus who was crucified. He isn’t here, because he’s been raised from the dead, just as he said. Come, see the place where they laid him. Now hurry, go and tell his disciples, ‘He’s been raised from the dead. He’s going on ahead of you to Galilee. You will see him there.’ I’ve given the message to you.” With great fear and excitement, they hurried away from the tomb and ran to tell his disciples. But Jesus met them and greeted them. They came and grabbed his feet and worshipped him. Then Jesus said to them, “Don’t be afraid. Go and tell my brothers that I am going into Galilee. They will see me there.”10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: Jesus cried out with a loud shout before he died.
B: The curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two from top to bottom after Jesus died.
C: The earthquake was considered as a prophecy.
D: Jesus has been raised from the dead just as he said.
答案: The earthquake was considered as a prophecy.
11、单选题：
6. EasterIt’s Easter in the UK and the shops are full of Easter eggs, hot-cross buns and Easter bunnies.Easter is a holiday celebrated in early spring. The date of the festival is not fixed. It is celebrated on the first Sunday of a full moon day after March 21. It usually falls between March 21 and April 25. It started as a Christian holiday, created by the early Christians to celebrate the rebirth of Jesus from the dead. It is a religious holiday celebrated by Christians, but non-religious people often mark the day, too. Over time it became a holiday meant to celebrate spring and the rebirth of the earth after a long, cold winter. Symbols of Easter are eggs, rabbits, lambs, flowers, especially tulips and the religious symbols of the cross, and the virgin Mary. Children around the world have fun on Easter by painting eggs, hunting for chocolate eggs, making rabbit and flower crafts and enjoying a delicious lamb dinner.Although Easter is widely seen as a Christian festival which celebrates the resurrection of Jesus, its origins pre-date Christianity and many of its symbols come from the earliest civilizations.Our modern festival’s roots lie in ancient seasonal rituals which marked the transition from the “death” of winter to the new life and rebirth of spring.These days we give chocolate eggs as gifts at Easter but eggs have been symbols of fertility for thousands of years. The ancient Persians gave each other painted eggs for the festival of Nowrooz, a celebration held at the spring equinox which marked the start of Persian New Year. The tradition continues to this day.Centuries ago, the early Saxon people marked buns with a cross to honour their goddess Eostre, whose name some people believe to be the origin of the word Easter. It is believed that early Christians incorporated such pagan festivals into their religion. Some experts say the Easter bunny was originally a hare as this animal represented fertility and growth in pagan mythology due to its capacity for reproduction. Moreover, in some ancient cultures the hare was also a symbol of the moon, which is significant as the date of Easter changes each year depending on the lunar cycle. The Easter bunny has become an important symbol of Easter all over the world. But nowadays not everybody treats such symbols with respect. Pranksters in the Austrian town of Villach have stolen a giant Easter Bunny from the town square. Local police say it should not be too difficult to spot as it is two meters tall and weighs 60kg.11. Why is the bunny regarded as an important symbol of Easter according to the passage?
A: It is notable for its capacity of abundant production.
B: Because it is born only in spring.
C: Because it is the symbol of love.
D: It is notable for their cleverness and loveliness.
答案: It is notable for its capacity of abundant production.
12、单选题：
6. EasterIt’s Easter in the UK and the shops are full of Easter eggs, hot-cross buns and Easter bunnies.Easter is a holiday celebrated in early spring. The date of the festival is not fixed. It is celebrated on the first Sunday of a full moon day after March 21. It usually falls between March 21 and April 25. It started as a Christian holiday, created by the early Christians to celebrate the rebirth of Jesus from the dead. It is a religious holiday celebrated by Christians, but non-religious people often mark the day, too. Over time it became a holiday meant to celebrate spring and the rebirth of the earth after a long, cold winter. Symbols of Easter are eggs, rabbits, lambs, flowers, especially tulips and the religious symbols of the cross, and the virgin Mary. Children around the world have fun on Easter by painting eggs, hunting for chocolate eggs, making rabbit and flower crafts and enjoying a delicious lamb dinner.Although Easter is widely seen as a Christian festival which celebrates the resurrection of Jesus, its origins pre-date Christianity and many of its symbols come from the earliest civilizations.Our modern festival’s roots lie in ancient seasonal rituals which marked the transition from the “death” of winter to the new life and rebirth of spring.These days we give chocolate eggs as gifts at Easter but eggs have been symbols of fertility for thousands of years. The ancient Persians gave each other painted eggs for the festival of Nowrooz, a celebration held at the spring equinox which marked the start of Persian New Year. The tradition continues to this day.Centuries ago, the early Saxon people marked buns with a cross to honour their goddess Eostre, whose name some people believe to be the origin of the word Easter. It is believed that early Christians incorporated such pagan festivals into their religion. Some experts say the Easter bunny was originally a hare as this animal represented fertility and growth in pagan mythology due to its capacity for reproduction. Moreover, in some ancient cultures the hare was also a symbol of the moon, which is significant as the date of Easter changes each year depending on the lunar cycle. The Easter bunny has become an important symbol of Easter all over the world. But nowadays not everybody treats such symbols with respect. Pranksters in the Austrian town of Villach have stolen a giant Easter Bunny from the town square. Local police say it should not be too difficult to spot as it is two meters tall and weighs 60kg.12. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Easter is a holiday celebrated in March.
B: Some non-religious people also celebrate Easter.
C: Jesus Christ is a symbol of Easter.
D: The name of the goddess Eostre is the origin of the word Easter.
答案: Some non-religious people also celebrate Easter.
13、单选题：
7. Good Friday1)Good Friday – What is it?Good Friday is observed on the Friday that proceeds Easter Sunday (also called Resurrection Sunday). It is a day when people remember Jesus’ death on the cross. Many people, mostly Christians, celebrate this day by attending a Good Friday service where they read the biblical accounts of Jesus’ death on the cross. (Read Luke 19.)2)Good Friday – What Happened on Good Friday?Although the term “Good Friday” is not mentioned in the Bible, we can study the events that took place on the day Jesus was crucified. After Jesus was arrested in the Garden of Gethsemane, He was taken through several trials before the chief priests, Pontius Pilate, and Herod (Luke 22:54–23:25). Three of the trials were by Jewish leaders and three by the Romans (John 18:12-14, Mark 14:53-65, Mark 15:1-5, Luke 23:6-12, Mark 15:6-15). These events led up to Good Friday. Pilate tried to compromise with the religious leaders by having Jesus beaten, but this act didn’t satisfy them, so Pilate handed Jesus over to be crucified (Mark 15:6-15). Jesus was mocked by the soldiers as they dressed Him in a purple robe and a crown of thorns (John 19:1-3). The sentence was written “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.” Jesus, assisted by Simon of Cyrene, was then forced to carry His cross to the place of His death. It was at Golgotha that Jesus was crucified along with two criminals (John 19:17-22). Later in the day, the Bible tells us that Joseph of Arimathea asked Pilate for Jesus’ body and was granted permission. Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, and placed it in his own new tomb. He then rolled a big stone in front of the entrance.3)Good Friday – Was it Friday?The Bible does not tell us exactly the day of the week Jesus was crucified. Most scholars believe it was either Friday or Wednesday. There are others who compromise and say it was a Thursday.No matter what day Jesus was crucified, we know that He died and rose from the grave! Since the day is not explicitly mentioned in the Bible, we can assume that it is not all that important.4)Good Friday – Why is it “Good”?Is good Friday really “good”? It may seem odd that people celebrate the day Jesus’ was crucified as “good.” Obviously, the suffering Jesus went through on Good Friday was not good. He was whipped, beaten, mocked, and killed in a very violent way. How can that be good? The results of Jesus’ death are very good! This is explained in Romans 5:8: “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” Then in 1 Peter 3:18, it is reiterated again: “For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit.” 13. Why is the Friday “Good” according to the passage?
A: Because Jesus died on the cross on Friday.
B: Because Jesus rose from the grave on Friday.
C: Because the name of Jesus Christ was spread over since that day.
D: Because Jesus died for sins of human beings once for all.
答案: Because Jesus died for sins of human beings once for all.
14、单选题：
7. Good Friday1)Good Friday – What is it?Good Friday is observed on the Friday that proceeds Easter Sunday (also called Resurrection Sunday). It is a day when people remember Jesus’ death on the cross. Many people, mostly Christians, celebrate this day by attending a Good Friday service where they read the biblical accounts of Jesus’ death on the cross. (Read Luke 19.)2)Good Friday – What Happened on Good Friday?Although the term “Good Friday” is not mentioned in the Bible, we can study the events that took place on the day Jesus was crucified. After Jesus was arrested in the Garden of Gethsemane, He was taken through several trials before the chief priests, Pontius Pilate, and Herod (Luke 22:54–23:25). Three of the trials were by Jewish leaders and three by the Romans (John 18:12-14, Mark 14:53-65, Mark 15:1-5, Luke 23:6-12, Mark 15:6-15). These events led up to Good Friday. Pilate tried to compromise with the religious leaders by having Jesus beaten, but this act didn’t satisfy them, so Pilate handed Jesus over to be crucified (Mark 15:6-15). Jesus was mocked by the soldiers as they dressed Him in a purple robe and a crown of thorns (John 19:1-3). The sentence was written “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.” Jesus, assisted by Simon of Cyrene, was then forced to carry His cross to the place of His death. It was at Golgotha that Jesus was crucified along with two criminals (John 19:17-22). Later in the day, the Bible tells us that Joseph of Arimathea asked Pilate for Jesus’ body and was granted permission. Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, and placed it in his own new tomb. He then rolled a big stone in front of the entrance.3)Good Friday – Was it Friday?The Bible does not tell us exactly the day of the week Jesus was crucified. Most scholars believe it was either Friday or Wednesday. There are others who compromise and say it was a Thursday.No matter what day Jesus was crucified, we know that He died and rose from the grave! Since the day is not explicitly mentioned in the Bible, we can assume that it is not all that important.4)Good Friday – Why is it “Good”?Is good Friday really “good”? It may seem odd that people celebrate the day Jesus’ was crucified as “good.” Obviously, the suffering Jesus went through on Good Friday was not good. He was whipped, beaten, mocked, and killed in a very violent way. How can that be good? The results of Jesus’ death are very good! This is explained in Romans 5:8: “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” Then in 1 Peter 3:18, it is reiterated again: “For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit.” 14. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Good Friday was mentioned in the Bible for many times.
B: Soldiers dressed Jesus in a purple robe and a crown of thorns because they respected Him.
C: Jesus was killed because He was King of the Jews.
D: The Bible told us exactly the day of the week Jesus was crucified.
答案: Jesus was killed because He was King of the Jews.
15、单选题：
8. The Last Supper –by Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius who graced this world with his presence from April 15, 1452 to May 2, 1519. He is among the most influential artists in history, having left a significant legacy not only in the realm of art but in science as well, each discipline informing his mastery of the other. Da Vinci lived in a golden age of creativity among such contemporaries as Raphael and Michaelangelo, and contributed his unique genius to virtually everything he touched. Like Athens in the age of Pericles, Renaissance Italy is a summit in human history. Today, no name better seems to symbolize Renaissance age than Leonardo da Vinci.In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci began what would become one of history’s most influential works of art – The Last Supper.The Last Supper is Leonardo’s visual interpretation of an event chronicled in all four of the Gospels (books in the Christian New Testament). The evening before Christ was betrayed by one of his disciples, he gathered them together to eat, tell them he knew what was coming and wash their feet (a gesture symbolizing that all were equal under the eyes of the Lord). As they ate and drank together, Christ gave the disciples explicit instructions on how to eat and drink in the future, in remembrance of him. It was the first celebration of the Eucharist, a ritual still performed. Specifically, The Last Supper depicts the next few seconds in this story after Christ dropped the bomb shell that one disciple would betray him before sunrise, and all twelve have reacted to the news with different degrees of horror, anger and shock. In The Last Supper, the way in which he isolated Christ at the epicenter of the scene and made each apostle a separate entity, yet at the same time united them all in the moment, is a stroke of genius that subsequent artists throughout history would strive to replicate. Nowadays, Leonardo’s Last Supper is located in its original place, on the wall of the dining room of the former Dominican convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, exactly in the refectory of the convent and is one of the most celebrated and well known artworks in the world. Leonardo da Vinci’s “Last Supper”, a huge painting of 4.60 meters high and 8.80 meters wide was made with tempera and oil on a gypsum preparation instead of the technique commonly used in the fresco period.Several measures have now been implemented to protect the paint from deterioration. To ensure that the fresco is maintained at room temperature, since the last restoration, visitor’s’ entry has been restricted to a group of 25 people every 15 minutes.Just like William Shakespeare on literature, and Sigmund Freud on psychology, Leonardo’s impact on art is tremendous. Throughout his life, Leonardo da Vinci avoided the intrigues of worldly ambitions and vanity. He was a reserved and withdrawn man, not concerned with glory, and yet absolutely sure of the value of his abilities. Along with a small band of contemporary Renaissance figures, Leonardo da Vinci become the center of a movement of artists that has permanently enriched western culture. 15. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Leonardo da Vinci was not good at science.
B: The most influential works of Leonardo da Vinci is The Last Supper.
C: There are totally 12 characters in The Last Supper.
D: Visitors still have the chance to appreciate The Last Supper.
答案: Visitors still have the chance to appreciate The Last Supper.
16、单选题：
8. The Last Supper –by Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius who graced this world with his presence from April 15, 1452 to May 2, 1519. He is among the most influential artists in history, having left a significant legacy not only in the realm of art but in science as well, each discipline informing his mastery of the other. Da Vinci lived in a golden age of creativity among such contemporaries as Raphael and Michaelangelo, and contributed his unique genius to virtually everything he touched. Like Athens in the age of Pericles, Renaissance Italy is a summit in human history. Today, no name better seems to symbolize Renaissance age than Leonardo da Vinci.In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci began what would become one of history’s most influential works of art – The Last Supper.The Last Supper is Leonardo’s visual interpretation of an event chronicled in all four of the Gospels (books in the Christian New Testament). The evening before Christ was betrayed by one of his disciples, he gathered them together to eat, tell them he knew what was coming and wash their feet (a gesture symbolizing that all were equal under the eyes of the Lord). As they ate and drank together, Christ gave the disciples explicit instructions on how to eat and drink in the future, in remembrance of him. It was the first celebration of the Eucharist, a ritual still performed. Specifically, The Last Supper depicts the next few seconds in this story after Christ dropped the bomb shell that one disciple would betray him before sunrise, and all twelve have reacted to the news with different degrees of horror, anger and shock. In The Last Supper, the way in which he isolated Christ at the epicenter of the scene and made each apostle a separate entity, yet at the same time united them all in the moment, is a stroke of genius that subsequent artists throughout history would strive to replicate. Nowadays, Leonardo’s is located in its original place, on the wall of the dining room of the former Dominican convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, exactly in the refectory of the convent and is one of the most celebrated and well known artworks in the world. Leonardo da Vinci’s “Last Supper”, a huge painting of 4.60 meters high and 8.80 meters wide was made with tempera and oil on a gypsum preparation instead of the technique commonly used in the fresco period.Several measures have now been implemented to protect the paint from deterioration. To ensure that the fresco is maintained at room temperature, since the last restoration, visitor’s’ entry has been restricted to a group of 25 people every 15 minutes.Just like William Shakespeare on literature, and Sigmund Freud on psychology, Leonardo’s impact on art is tremendous. Throughout his life, Leonardo da Vinci avoided the intrigues of worldly ambitions and vanity. He was a reserved and withdrawn man, not concerned with glory, and yet absolutely sure of the value of his abilities. Along with a small band of contemporary Renaissance figures, Leonardo da Vinci become the center of a movement of artists that has permanently enriched western culture. 16. The underlined word “deterioration” (in Paragraph 7) probably means ________.
A: Betterment.
B: Worsening.
C: Extinction.
D: Distinction.
答案: Worsening.
17、单选题：
9. What did Jesus look like？We are awash in Jesus fiction. It’s not surprising. Jesus is the best-known figure of history, but in many ways he is also the least known. This makes a great subject for the novelist.Jesus was the Messiah (Christ), the Son of God who was crucified for the sins of humanity before rising from the dead, according to Christian Gospels and early Christian writings.According to the Gospels, Jesus, who was born around 4 B.C., was able to perform supernatural feats such as healing a wide range of diseases by simply touching people or speaking to them. He supposedly also had the ability to walk on water, instantly create vast amounts of fish and bread, resurrect the dead, rise from the dead himself, calm storms and exorcise demons from people.From the first time Christian children settle into Sunday school classrooms, an image of Jesus Christ is etched into their minds. In North America he is most often depicted as being taller than his disciples, lean, with long, flowing, light brown hair, fair skin and light-colored eyes. Familiar though this image may be, it is inherently flawed. A person with these features and physical bearing would have looked very different from everyone else in the region where Jesus lived and ministered. Surely the authors of the Bible would have mentioned so stark a contrast. On the contrary, according to the Gospel of Matthew, when Jesus was arrested in the garden of Gethsemane before the Crucifixion, Judas Iscariot had to indicate to the soldiers whom Jesus was because they could not tell him apart from his disciples. Further clouding the question of what Jesus looked like is the simple fact that nowhere in the New Testament is Jesus described, nor have any drawings of him ever been uncovered. Recent research led by Joan Taylor, professor of Christian Origins and Second Temple Judaism at King’s College London, gives us an idea of what Jesus may have looked like.Her research suggests that Jesus was likely around 5 feet 5 inches tall, had olive-brown skin with black hair, and likely kept his beard and hair short and well trimmed to keep out lice, which was a major problem at the time. Jesus’ work as a carpenter and the fact that he traveled on foot, combined with the fact that Jesus likely wasn’t able to eat regular meals, means that he was likely thin but somewhat muscular, wrote Taylor in her book “What Did Jesus Look Like?” (T&T Clark, 2018).”Jesus was a man who was physical in terms of the labor that he came from,” Taylor told Live Science. “He shouldn’t be presented as in any way someone who was living a soft life, and sometimes that’s the kind of image we get.”17. According to the passage, Jesus performed many miracles except__________.
A: Healing diseases by simply touching the patient.
B: Walking on water.
C: Creating food.
D: Killing monsters.
答案: Killing monsters.
18、单选题：
9. What did Jesus look like？We are awash in Jesus fiction. It’s not surprising. Jesus is the best-known figure of history, but in many ways he is also the least known. This makes a great subject for the novelist.Jesus was the Messiah (Christ), the Son of God who was crucified for the sins of humanity before rising from the dead, according to Christian Gospels and early Christian writings.According to the Gospels, Jesus, who was born around 4 B.C., was able to perform supernatural feats such as healing a wide range of diseases by simply touching people or speaking to them. He supposedly also had the ability to walk on water, instantly create vast amounts of fish and bread, resurrect the dead, rise from the dead himself, calm storms and exorcise demons from people.From the first time Christian children settle into Sunday school classrooms, an image of Jesus Christ is etched into their minds. In North America he is most often depicted as being taller than his disciples, lean, with long, flowing, light brown hair, fair skin and light-colored eyes. Familiar though this image may be, it is inherently flawed. A person with these features and physical bearing would have looked very different from everyone else in the region where Jesus lived and ministered. Surely the authors of the Bible would have mentioned so stark a contrast. On the contrary, according to the Gospel of Matthew, when Jesus was arrested in the garden of Gethsemane before the Crucifixion, Judas Iscariot had to indicate to the soldiers whom Jesus was because they could not tell him apart from his disciples. Further clouding the question of what Jesus looked like is the simple fact that nowhere in the New Testament is Jesus described, nor have any drawings of him ever been uncovered. Recent research led by Joan Taylor, professor of Christian Origins and Second Temple Judaism at King’s College London, gives us an idea of what Jesus may have looked like.Her research suggests that Jesus was likely around 5 feet 5 inches tall, had olive-brown skin with black hair, and likely kept his beard and hair short and well trimmed to keep out lice, which was a major problem at the time. Jesus’ work as a carpenter and the fact that he traveled on foot, combined with the fact that Jesus likely wasn’t able to eat regular meals, means that he was likely thin but somewhat muscular, wrote Taylor in her book “What Did Jesus Look Like?” (T&T Clark, 2018).”Jesus was a man who was physical in terms of the labor that he came from,” Taylor told Live Science. “He shouldn’t be presented as in any way someone who was living a soft life, and sometimes that’s the kind of image we get.”18. What can we know about the appearance of Jesus according to the passage?
A: Jesus was taller than his disciples, lean, with long, flowing, light brown hair, fair skin and light-colored eyes.
B: Jesus looked very different from everyone else in the region where he lived and ministered.
C: The Bible gave detailed information about the appearance of Jesus.
D: Nobody really knows what Jesus looks like.
答案: Nobody really knows what Jesus looks like.
19、单选题：
10. The Passover Story Passover, or Pesach in Hebrew, is one of the Jewish religion’s most sacred and widely observed holidays. Passover commemorates the story of the Israelites’(以色列人的) departure from ancient Egypt, which appears in the Hebrew Bible’s books of Exodus（出埃及记）, Numbers（民数记） and Deuteronomy（申命记）, among other texts. Jews observe the weeklong festival with a number of important rituals, including a traditional Passover meals known as a seder, the removal of leavened（加酵母的）products from their home, the substitution of matzo（犹太逾越节薄饼）for bread and the retelling of the exodus tale.According to the Hebrew Bible, Jewish settlement in ancient Egypt first occurs when Joseph, a son of the patriarch Jacob and founder of one of the 12 tribes of Israel, moves his family there during a severe famine in their homeland of Canaan. For many years the Israelites live in harmony in the province of Goshen, but as their population grows the Egyptians begin to see them as a threat. After the death of Joseph and his brothers, the story goes, a particularly hostile pharaoh（法老）orders their enslavement and the systematic drowning of their firstborn sons in the Nile. One of these doomed infants is rescued by the pharaoh’s daughter, given the name Moses (meaning “one who is pulled out”) and adopted into the Egyptian royal family.When he reaches adulthood, Moses becomes aware of his true identity and the Egyptians’ brutal treatment of his fellow Hebrews. He kills an Egyptian slave master and escapes to the Sinai Peninsula, where he lives as a humble shepherd for 40 years. One day, however, Moses receives a command from God to return to Egypt and free his kin from bondage, according to the Hebrew Bible. Along with his brother Aaron, Moses approaches the reigning pharaoh (who is unnamed in the biblical version of the story) several times, explaining that the Hebrew God has requested a three-day leave for his people so that they may celebrate a feast in the wilderness. When the pharaoh refuses, God unleashes 10 plagues on the Egyptians, including turning the Nile River red with blood, diseased livestock, boils, hailstorms and three days of darkness, culminating in the slaying of every firstborn son by an avenging angel. The Israelites, however, mark the doorframes of their homes with lamb’s blood so that the angel of death will recognize and “pass over” each Jewish household.Terrified of further punishment, the Egyptians convince their ruler to release the Israelites, and Moses quickly leads them out of Egypt. The pharaoh changes his mind, however, and sends his soldiers to retrieve the former slaves. As the Egyptian army approaches the fleeing Jews at the edge of the Red Sea, a miracle occurs: God causes the sea to part, allowing Moses and his followers to cross safely, then closes the passage and drowns the Egyptians. According to the Hebrew Bible, the Jews—now numbering in the hundreds of thousands—then trek through the Sinai desert for 40 tumultuous years before finally reaching their ancestral home in Canaan, later known as the Land of Israel.19. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: Passover commemorates the exodus tale.
B: Joseph moves his family to ancient Egypt from their homeland of Canaan because of a severe famine.
C: The pharaoh’s daughter saved Moses.
D: The Egyptians mark the doorframes of their homes with lamb’s blood so that the angel of death will recognize and “pass over” each Jewish household.
答案: The Egyptians mark the doorframes of their homes with lamb’s blood so that the angel of death will recognize and “pass over” each Jewish household.
20、单选题：
10. The Passover Story Passover, or Pesach in Hebrew, is one of the Jewish religion’s most sacred and widely observed holidays. Passover commemorates the story of the Israelites’(以色列人的) departure from ancient Egypt, which appears in the Hebrew Bible’s books of Exodus（出埃及记）, Numbers（民数记） and Deuteronomy（申命记）, among other texts. Jews observe the weeklong festival with a number of important rituals, including a traditional Passover meals known as a seder, the removal of leavened（加酵母的）products from their home, the substitution of matzo（犹太逾越节薄饼）for bread and the retelling of the exodus tale.According to the Hebrew Bible, Jewish settlement in ancient Egypt first occurs when Joseph, a son of the patriarch Jacob and founder of one of the 12 tribes of Israel, moves his family there during a severe famine in their homeland of Canaan. For many years the Israelites live in harmony in the province of Goshen, but as their population grows the Egyptians begin to see them as a threat. After the death of Joseph and his brothers, the story goes, a particularly hostile pharaoh（法老）orders their enslavement and the systematic drowning of their firstborn sons in the Nile. One of these doomed infants is rescued by the pharaoh’s daughter, given the name Moses (meaning “one who is pulled out”) and adopted into the Egyptian royal family.When he reaches adulthood, Moses becomes aware of his true identity and the Egyptians’ brutal treatment of his fellow Hebrews. He kills an Egyptian slave master and escapes to the Sinai Peninsula, where he lives as a humble shepherd for 40 years. One day, however, Moses receives a command from God to return to Egypt and free his kin from bondage, according to the Hebrew Bible. Along with his brother Aaron, Moses approaches the reigning pharaoh (who is unnamed in the biblical version of the story) several times, explaining that the Hebrew God has requested a three-day leave for his people so that they may celebrate a feast in the wilderness. When the pharaoh refuses, God unleashes 10 plagues on the Egyptians, including turning the Nile River red with blood, diseased livestock, boils, hailstorms and three days of darkness, culminating in the slaying of every firstborn son by an avenging angel. The Israelites, however, mark the doorframes of their homes with lamb’s blood so that the angel of death will recognize and “pass over” each Jewish household.Terrified of further punishment, the Egyptians convince their ruler to release the Israelites, and Moses quickly leads them out of Egypt. The pharaoh changes his mind, however, and sends his soldiers to retrieve the former slaves. As the Egyptian army approaches the fleeing Jews at the edge of the Red Sea, a miracle occurs: God causes the sea to part, allowing Moses and his followers to cross safely, then closes the passage and drowns the Egyptians. According to the Hebrew Bible, the Jews—now numbering in the hundreds of thousands—then trek through the Sinai desert for 40 tumultuous years before finally reaching their ancestral home in Canaan, later known as the Land of Israel.20. Which one of the following is NOT one of Passover traditions?
A: A seder.
B: Marking the doorframes of homes with lamb’s blood.
C: The retelling of the exodus tale.
D: Having the matzo.
答案: Marking the doorframes of homes with lamb’s blood.
4.3 第四单元词汇测验
1、单选题：
Her arrival served to animate the whole party.
A: dishearten
B: depress
C: invigorate
D: discourage
答案: invigorate
2、单选题：
The students studies the organs of frogs today in biology class.
A: science of life and living things
B: science of the earth’s history
C: science of the structure of plants
D: study of the causes of disease
答案: science of life and living things
3、单选题：
Biographies of famous people often tell us much of the history of their time.
A: written accounts of someone’s family
B: written history of someone’s life
C: records of a person’s income
D: records of books written by someone
答案: written history of someone’s life
4、单选题：
To this day, I still have vivid recollections of the days I spent in Spain five years ago.
A: painful
B: confused
C: distinct
D: fond
答案: distinct
5、单选题：
He revived with artificial respiration.
A: came back to life
B: stood up again
C: was rescued
D: was breathing
答案: came back to life
6、单选题：
The further survival of the bald eagle is still an important American ecological concern.
A: migration
B: population
C: existence
D: evolution
答案: existence
7、单选题：
It is vital that you deliver this medicine immediately, Mrs. Cooper may die without it.
A: trivial
B: quick
C: specific
D: urgent
答案: urgent
8、单选题：
We can get stamps from automatic machines.
A: postal
B: hand-operated
C: self-operating
D: modern
答案: self-operating
9、单选题：
All the schools in the city were closed during the flu epidemic.
A: infection
B: perfection
C: effect
D: affection
答案: infection
10、单选题：
His newly published novel enjoys great popularity.
A: circulation
B: controversy
C: liking
D: affection
答案: liking
11、单选题：
A man’s body dies, but his soul may be immortal.
A: perished
B: short-lived
C: ever-lasting
D: hovering
答案: ever-lasting
12、单选题：
All living things are mortal, so you and I must be mortal, too.
A: mammals
B: subject to death
C: equal
D: kind in nature
答案: subject to death
13、单选题：
The house is mortgaged to the bank for twenty thousand dollars.
A: sold
B: connected
C: placed under lien
D: to pay the debt
答案: placed under lien
14、单选题：
Sally was mortified by her date’s unprecedented behavior.
A: eradicated
B: overjoyed
C: humiliated
D: challenged
答案: humiliated
15、单选题：
A patriot thinks first of his country and later of himself.
A: president
B: hero
C: nationalist
D: soldier
答案: nationalist
16、单选题：
The exhibition was patrolled at night by policeman.
A: kept watched
B: out watched
C: watched over
D: in the watch
答案: watched over
17、单选题：
The poor painter has a wealthy patron.
A: tutor
B: advisor
C: protector
D: customer
答案: protector
18、单选题：
In almost every discussion there is bound to be some disagreement. Don’t expect unanimity.
A: accord
B: assurance
C: promise
D: conversation
答案: accord
19、单选题：
If you become extremely upset when you lose a game, it is a sign that you lack equanimity.
A: mind
B: calmness
C: experience
D: courage
答案: calmness
20、单选题：
Her innate beauty entitles her to more chances in the choice of the jobs.
A: artificial
B: very
C: extraordinary
D: natural
答案: natural
4.4 第四单元阅读理解
1、单选题：
1. Trinity CollegeTrinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. With around 600 undergraduates, 300 graduates, and over 180 fellows, it is the largest college in either of the Oxbridge universities by number of undergraduates. In terms of total student numbers, it is second only to Homerton College, Cambridge.Members of Trinity have won 33 Nobel Prizes out of the 116 won by members of Cambridge University, the highest number of any college at either Oxford or Cambridge. Five Fields Medals in mathematics were won by members of the college (of the six awarded to members of British universities) and one Abel Prize was won.Trinity alumni include six British prime ministers (all Tory or Whig/Liberal), physicists Isaac Newton, James Clerk Maxwell, Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr, mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, the poet Lord Byron, historian Lord Macaulay, philosophers Ludwig Wittgenstein and Bertrand Russell (whom it expelled before reaccepting), and Soviet spies Kim Philby, Guy Burgess, and Anthony Blunt.Two members of the British royal family have studied at Trinity and been awarded degrees as a result: Prince William of Gloucester and Edinburgh, who gained an MA in 1790, and Prince Charles, who was awarded a lower second class BA in 1970. Other royal family members have studied there without obtaining degrees, including King Edward VII, King George VI, and Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.Trinity has many college societies, including the Trinity Mathematical Society, which is the oldest mathematical university society in the United Kingdom, and the First and Third Trinity Boat Club, its rowing club, which gives its name to the college’s May Ball. Along with Christ’s, Jesus, King’s and St John’s colleges, it has also provided several of the well-known members of the Apostles, an intellectual secret society.In 1848, Trinity hosted the meeting at which Cambridge undergraduates representing private schools such as Westminster drew up the first formal rules of football, known as the Cambridge Rules.Trinity’s sister college in Oxford is Christ Church. Like that college, Trinity has been linked with Westminster School since the school’s re-foundation in 1560, and its Master is an ex officio governor of the school.1. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A: Some royal family members have studied in Trinity without obtaining degrees.
B: Trinity is the largest college in either of the Oxbridge universities by total student numbers.
C: Trinity has the oldest mathematical university society in the United Kingdom.
D: Newton and Maxwell are Trinity alumni.
答案: Trinity is the largest college in either of the Oxbridge universities by total student numbers.
2、单选题：
1. Trinity CollegeTrinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. With around 600 undergraduates, 300 graduates, and over 180 fellows, it is the largest college in either of the Oxbridge universities by number of undergraduates. In terms of total student numbers, it is second only to Homerton College, Cambridge.Members of Trinity have won 33 Nobel Prizes out of the 116 won by members of Cambridge University, the highest number of any college at either Oxford or Cambridge. Five Fields Medals in mathematics were won by members of the college (of the six awarded to members of British universities) and one Abel Prize was won.Trinity alumni include six British prime ministers (all Tory or Whig/Liberal), physicists Isaac Newton, James Clerk Maxwell, Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr, mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, the poet Lord Byron, historian Lord Macaulay, philosophers Ludwig Wittgenstein and Bertrand Russell (whom it expelled before reaccepting), and Soviet spies Kim Philby, Guy Burgess, and Anthony Blunt.Two members of the British royal family have studied at Trinity and been awarded degrees as a result: Prince William of Gloucester and Edinburgh, who gained an MA in 1790, and Prince Charles, who was awarded a lower second class BA in 1970. Other royal family members have studied there without obtaining degrees, including King Edward VII, King George VI, and Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.Trinity has many college societies, including the Trinity Mathematical Society, which is the oldest mathematical university society in the United Kingdom, and the First and Third Trinity Boat Club, its rowing club, which gives its name to the college’s May Ball. Along with Christ’s, Jesus, King’s and St John’s colleges, it has also provided several of the well-known members of the Apostles, an intellectual secret society.In 1848, Trinity hosted the meeting at which Cambridge undergraduates representing private schools such as Westminster drew up the first formal rules of football, known as the Cambridge Rules.Trinity’s sister college in Oxford is Christ Church. Like that college, Trinity has been linked with Westminster School since the school’s re-foundation in 1560, and its Master is an ex officio governor of the school.2. What can be inferred from the passage?
A: Members of Trinity have won 33 Nobel Prizes out of the highest number of any college at either Oxford or Cambridge.
B: Members of Trinity have won 33 Nobel Prizes while members of Cambridge University won the highest number of 116.
C: Trinity members have won 116 Nobel Prizes, the highest number of any college at either Oxford or Cambridge.
D: Trinity members won the highest number of Nobel Prizes at either Oxford or Cambridge.
答案: Trinity members won the highest number of Nobel Prizes at either Oxford or Cambridge.
3、单选题：
2. Activities on River CamLike many rivers, the Cam is extensively used for several forms of recreational activity. These include angling, swimming and various kinds of boating.AnglingThe water is not murky and is clean enough from its source to its confluence with the Great Ouse to support fish. The fishing rights on the west bank are leased annually to the Cambridge Fish Preservation and Angling Society.The Cam below Bottisham Sluice may still hold burbot, a fish thought to be extinct in English waters since the early 1970s. The last known burbot caught in Britain was in 1969, on the Cam, and in 2010 a fisherman reported spotting two in the Great Ouse.Above Hinxton and Great Chesterford the river holds a stock of wild brown trout, though it is also stocked by the Audley Fly Fishers club and other angling societies who own the rights.BoatingAll boats require a navigation license from either the Conservators of the River Cam or the Environment Agency.There are public moorings just below Jesus Lock on both sides of the river and on the western bank just north of the bridge at Clayhithe (both with a maximum stay of 48 hours), and unofficial moorings on the railings adjoining Riverside in Cambridge (unlimited stay, but usually fully occupied) which are under review by Cambridge City Council and likely to be reduced to eight or nine formalized residential moorings, or removed altogether. The moorings on the commons in Cambridge (Jesus Green, Midsummer Common map 5 and Stourbridge Common) are reserved by the City Council for holders of its long-term mooring permits. There are also some privately owned moorings.There is a public slipway next to the garden of the Green Dragon pub in Water Street, Chesterton.map 4 This is occasionally used for launching small boats.SwimmingThe local swimming club’s annual swim from the Mill pond to Jesus Green was cancelled for some years in the past because of higher pollution levels.Swimming on the upper river is popular in the summer, and people bathe at Grantchester Meadows all year round. Hardy bathers take part in the New Year’s Day swim.3.What do we know about the River Cam according to the passage？
A: People dislike the recreational activities in River Cam.
B: Burbot was thought to be extinct in English waters since the early 1950s.
C: The last known burbot caught in Britain was in 1969, on the Cam.
D: The River Cam has no pollution.
答案: The last known burbot caught in Britain was in 1969, on the Cam.
4、单选题：
2. Activies on River CamLike many rivers, the Cam is extensively used for several forms of recreational activity. These include angling, swimming and various kinds of boating.AnglingThe water is not murky and is clean enough from its source to its confluence with the Great Ouse to support fish. The fishing rights on the west bank are leased annually to the Cambridge Fish Preservation and Angling Society.The Cam below Bottisham Sluice may still hold burbot, a fish thought to be extinct in English waters since the early 1970s. The last known burbot caught in Britain was in 1969, on the Cam, and in 2010 a fisherman reported spotting two in the Great Ouse.Above Hinxton and Great Chesterford the river holds a stock of wild brown trout, though it is also stocked by the Audley Fly Fishers club and other angling societies who own the rights.BoatingAll boats require a navigation license from either the Conservators of the River Cam or the Environment Agency.There are public moorings just below Jesus Lock on both sides of the river and on the western bank just north of the bridge at Clayhithe (both with a maximum stay of 48 hours), and unofficial moorings on the railings adjoining Riverside in Cambridge (unlimited stay, but usually fully occupied) which are under review by Cambridge City Council and likely to be reduced to eight or nine formalized residential moorings, or removed altogether. The moorings on the commons in Cambridge (Jesus Green, Midsummer Common map 5 and Stourbridge Common) are reserved by the City Council for holders of its long-term mooring permits. There are also some privately owned moorings.There is a public slipway next to the garden of the Green Dragon pub in Water Street, Chesterton.map 4 This is occasionally used for launching small boats.SwimmingThe local swimming club’s annual swim from the Mill pond to Jesus Green was cancelled for some years in the past because of higher pollution levels.Swimming on the upper river is popular in the summer, and people bathe at Grantchester Meadows all year round. Hardy bathers take part in the New Year’s Day swim.4.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？
A: Swimming on the upper river is popular in the summer
B: The moorings on the commons in Cambridge are reserved by Environment Agency
C: The pollution levels of the River Cam are quite high
D: The public slipway next to the garden of the Green Dragon pub is occasionally used for launching small boats
答案: The moorings on the commons in Cambridge are reserved by Environment Agency
5、单选题：
3. History of OxfordAs the oldest university in the English-speaking world, Oxford is a unique and historic institution. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in around 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, set in motion the University’s tradition of international scholarly links. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a universitas or corporation.In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (townspeople and students) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of Oxford’s colleges, which began as medieval ‘halls of residence’ or endowed houses under the supervision of a Master. University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, which were established between 1249 and 1264, are the oldest.Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges. In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.From its early days, Oxford was a centre for lively controversy, with scholars involved in religious and political disputes. John Wyclif, a 14th-century Master of Balliol, campaigned for a Bible in the vernacular, against the wishes of the papacy. In 1530, Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, and during the Reformation in the 16th century, the Anglican churchmen Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford.The University was Royalist in the Civil War, and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House. In the late 17th century, the Oxford philosopher John Locke, suspected of treason, was forced to flee the country.The 18th century, when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics, was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival. Edmund Halley, Professor of Geometry, predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley’s prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era, especially in religious controversy. From 1833 onwards The Oxford Movement sought to revitalize the Catholic aspects of the Anglican Church. One of its leaders, John Henry Newman, became a Roman Catholic in 1845 and was later made a Cardinal. In 1860 the new University Museum was the scene of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.From 1878, academic halls were established for women and they were admitted to full membership of the University in 1920. Five all-male colleges first admitted women in 1974 and, since then, all colleges have changed their statutes to admit both women and men. St Hilda’s College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford’s single sex colleges. It has admitted both men and women since 2008.During the 20th and early 21st centuries, Oxford added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine. In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as an international focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A: Oxford was originally a centre for political disputes.
B: Oxford was founded in 1358.
C: John Locke was forced to flee the country in the late 17th century.
D: St Hilda’s College was originally for men only.
答案: John Locke was forced to flee the country in the late 17th century.
6、单选题：
3. History of OxfordAs the oldest university in the English-speaking world, Oxford is a unique and historic institution. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in around 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, set in motion the University’s tradition of international scholarly links. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a universitas or corporation.In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (townspeople and students) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of Oxford’s colleges, which began as medieval ‘halls of residence’ or endowed houses under the supervision of a Master. University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, which were established between 1249 and 1264, are the oldest.Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges. In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.From its early days, Oxford was a centre for lively controversy, with scholars involved in religious and political disputes. John Wyclif, a 14th-century Master of Balliol, campaigned for a Bible in the vernacular, against the wishes of the papacy. In 1530, Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, and during the Reformation in the 16th century, the Anglican churchmen Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford.The University was Royalist in the Civil War, and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House. In the late 17th century, the Oxford philosopher John Locke, suspected of treason, was forced to flee the country.The 18th century, when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics, was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival. Edmund Halley, Professor of Geometry, predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley’s prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era, especially in religious controversy. From 1833 onwards The Oxford Movement sought to revitalize the Catholic aspects of the Anglican Church. One of its leaders, John Henry Newman, became a Roman Catholic in 1845 and was later made a Cardinal. In 1860 the new University Museum was the scene of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.From 1878, academic halls were established for women and they were admitted to full membership of the University in 1920. Five all-male colleges first admitted women in 1974 and, since then, all colleges have changed their statutes to admit both women and men. St Hilda’s College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford’s single sex colleges. It has admitted both men and women since 2008.During the 20th and early 21st centuries, Oxford added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine. In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as an international focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.6.What can be inferred from the passage?
A: Henry II was indifferent to English students.
B: Edward III paid tribute to Oxford for its great contribution to learning.
C: Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Oxford.
D: John Henry Newman became a Roman Catholic in 1840.
答案: Edward III paid tribute to Oxford for its great contribution to learning.
7、单选题：
4. Cambridge When we first come across Cambridge in written records, it was already a considerable town. The bridge across the River Cam or Granta, from which the town took its name, had existed since at least 875. The town was an important trading centre before the Domesday survey was compiled in 1086, by which time a castle stood on the rising ground to the north of the bridge, and there were already substantial commercial and residential properties as well as several churches in the main settlement which lay south of the bridge.Within the town, or very close to it, there were a number of other religious institutions. There had been canons in the Church of St Giles below the castle before 1112, when they moved to a new site across the River Cam at Barnwell, and the Convent of St Radegund had existed since 1135 on the site which eventually became Jesus College. There were also two hospitals, one reserved for lepers at Stourbridge, and a second, founded for paupers and dedicated to St John, which after 1200 occupied the site where St John’s College now stands. Seventeen miles north of the town was the great Benedictine house of Ely which, after 1109, was the seat of a Bishopric.There was thus much to bring clerks (clergymen) to the town, but traders were also attracted to it. After about 1100 they could reach Cambridge easily by the river systems which drained the whole of the East Midlands, and through Lynn and Ely they had access to the sea. Much wealth accumulated in the town, and the eleven surviving medieval parish churches and at least one handsome stone house remain as evidence of this. There were food markets before 1066, and during the twelfth century the nuns of St Radegund were allowed to set up a fair on their own land at Garlic Lane; the canons of Barnwell had a fair in June (later Midsummer Fair), and the leper hospital was granted the right to hold a fair which developed into the well-known and long-lasting Stourbridge Fair.By 1200, Cambridge was a thriving commercial community which was also a county town and had at least one school of some distinction. Then, in 1209, scholars taking refuge from hostile townsmen in Oxford migrated to Cambridge and settled there. At first they lived in lodgings in the town, but in time houses were hired as hostels with a Master in charge of the students. By 1226 the scholars were numerous enough to have set up an organization, represented by an official called a Chancellor, and seem to have arranged regular courses of study, taught by their own members. From the start there was friction between the town and the students. Students, usually aged about fourteen or fifteen, often caused disturbances; citizens of the town, on the other hand, were known to overcharge for rooms and food. King Henry III took the scholars under his protection as early as 1231 and arranged for them to be sheltered from exploitation by their landlords. At the same time he tried to ensure that they had a monopoly of teaching, by an order that only those enrolled under the tuition of a recognized master were to be allowed to remain in the town.7.The underlined word in paragraph 4 can be replaced by ______.
A: Thrilling.
B: Flourishing.
C: Cooperative.
D: Productive.
答案: Flourishing.
8、单选题：
4. Cambridge When we first come across Cambridge in written records, it was already a considerable town. The bridge across the River Cam or Granta, from which the town took its name, had existed since at least 875. The town was an important trading centre before the Domesday survey was compiled in 1086, by which time a castle stood on the rising ground to the north of the bridge, and there were already substantial commercial and residential properties as well as several churches in the main settlement which lay south of the bridge.Within the town, or very close to it, there were a number of other religious institutions. There had been canons in the Church of St Giles below the castle before 1112, when they moved to a new site across the River Cam at Barnwell, and the Convent of St Radegund had existed since 1135 on the site which eventually became Jesus College. There were also two hospitals, one reserved for lepers at Stourbridge, and a second, founded for paupers and dedicated to St John, which after 1200 occupied the site where St John’s College now stands. Seventeen miles north of the town was the great Benedictine house of Ely which, after 1109, was the seat of a Bishopric.There was thus much to bring clerks (clergymen) to the town, but traders were also attracted to it. After about 1100 they could reach Cambridge easily by the river systems which drained the whole of the East Midlands, and through Lynn and Ely they had access to the sea. Much wealth accumulated in the town, and the eleven surviving medieval parish churches and at least one handsome stone house remain as evidence of this. There were food markets before 1066, and during the twelfth century the nuns of St Radegund were allowed to set up a fair on their own land at Garlic Lane; the canons of Barnwell had a fair in June (later Midsummer Fair), and the leper hospital was granted the right to hold a fair which developed into the well-known and long-lasting Stourbridge Fair.By 1200, Cambridge was a thriving commercial community which was also a county town and had at least one school of some distinction. Then, in 1209, scholars taking refuge from hostile townsmen in Oxford migrated to Cambridge and settled there. At first they lived in lodgings in the town, but in time houses were hired as hostels with a Master in charge of the students. By 1226 the scholars were numerous enough to have set up an organization, represented by an official called a Chancellor, and seem to have arranged regular courses of study, taught by their own members. From the start there was friction between the town and the students. Students, usually aged about fourteen or fifteen, often caused disturbances; citizens of the town, on the other hand, were known to overcharge for rooms and food. King Henry III took the scholars under his protection as early as 1231 and arranged for them to be sheltered from exploitation by their landlords. At the same time he tried to ensure that they had a monopoly of teaching, by an order that only those enrolled under the tuition of a recognized master were to be allowed to remain in the town.8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A: Cambridge was a big castle in the past.
B: scholars in oxford despised the scholars in Cambridge.
C: King Henry III gave little support to the scholars.
D: There were food markets before 1066.
答案: There were food markets before 1066.
9、单选题：
5. Cavendish LaboratoryThe Cavendish Laboratory has had an important influence on biology, mainly through the application of X-ray crystallography to the study of structures of biological molecules. Francis Crick already worked in the Medical Research Council Unit, headed by Max Perutz and housed in the Cavendish Laboratory, when James Watson came from the United States and they made a breakthrough in discovering the structure of DNA. For their work while in the Cavendish Laboratory, they were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962, together with Maurice Wilkins of King’s College London, himself a graduate of St. John’s College, Cambridge.The discovery was made on 28 February 1953; the first Watson/Crick paper appeared in Nature on 25 April 1953. Sir Lawrence Bragg, the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, where Watson and Crick worked, gave a talk at Guy’s Hospital Medical School in London on Thursday 14 May 1953 which resulted in an article by Ritchie Calder in the News Chronicle of London, on Friday 15 May 1953, entitled “Why You Are You. Nearer Secret of Life.” The news reached readers of The New York Times the next day; Victor K. McElheny, in researching his biography, Watson and DNA: Making a Scientific Revolution, found a clipping of a six-paragraph New York Times article written from London and dated 16 May 1953 with the headline “Form of `Life Unit’ in Cell Is Scanned.” The article ran in an early edition and was then pulled to make space for news deemed more important. (The New York Times subsequently ran a longer article on 12 June 1953). The Cambridge University undergraduate newspaper Varsity also ran its own short article on the discovery on Saturday 30 May 1953. Bragg’s original announcement of the discovery at a Solvay Conference on proteins in Belgium on 8 April 1953 went unreported by the British press.Sydney Brenner, Jack Dunitz, Dorothy Hodgkin, Leslie Orgel, and Beryl M. Oughton, were some of the first people in April 1953 to see the model of the structure of DNA, constructed by Crick and Watson; at the time they were working at the University of Oxford’s Chemistry Department. All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology. According to the late Dr. Beryl Oughton, later Rimmer, they all travelled together in two cars once Dorothy Hodgkin announced to them that they were off to Cambridge to see the model of the structure of DNA. Orgel also later worked with Crick at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.9. What can be inferred from the passage？
A: Bragg’s announcement of the discovery on proteins went reported by the Japanese press.
B: The Cavendish Laboratory has had an important influence on biology.
C: Crick was not impressed by the new DNA model.
D: Dorothy Hodgkin was the third one to see the model of the structure of DNA.
答案: The Cavendish Laboratory has had an important influence on biology.
10、单选题：
5. Cavendish LaboratoryThe Cavendish Laboratory has had an important influence on biology, mainly through the application of X-ray crystallography to the study of structures of biological molecules. Francis Crick already worked in the Medical Research Council Unit, headed by Max Perutz and housed in the Cavendish Laboratory, when James Watson came from the United States and they made a breakthrough in discovering the structure of DNA. For their work while in the Cavendish Laboratory, they were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962, together with Maurice Wilkins of King’s College London, himself a graduate of St. John’s College, Cambridge.The discovery was made on 28 February 1953; the first Watson/Crick paper appeared in Nature on 25 April 1953. Sir Lawrence Bragg, the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, where Watson and Crick worked, gave a talk at Guy’s Hospital Medical School in London on Thursday 14 May 1953 which resulted in an article by Ritchie Calder in the News Chronicle of London, on Friday 15 May 1953, entitled “Why You Are You. Nearer Secret of Life.” The news reached readers of The New York Times the next day; Victor K. McElheny, in researching his biography, Watson and DNA: Making a Scientific Revolution, found a clipping of a six-paragraph New York Times article written from London and dated 16 May 1953 with the headline “Form of `Life Unit’ in Cell Is Scanned.” The article ran in an early edition and was then pulled to make space for news deemed more important. (The New York Times subsequently ran a longer article on 12 June 1953). The Cambridge University undergraduate newspaper Varsity also ran its own short article on the discovery on Saturday 30 May 1953. Bragg’s original announcement of the discovery at a Solvay Conference on proteins in Belgium on 8 April 1953 went unreported by the British press.Sydney Brenner, Jack Dunitz, Dorothy Hodgkin, Leslie Orgel, and Beryl M. Oughton, were some of the first people in April 1953 to see the model of the structure of DNA, constructed by Crick and Watson; at the time they were working at the University of Oxford’s Chemistry Department. All were impressed by the new DNA model, especially Brenner who subsequently worked with Crick at Cambridge in the Cavendish Laboratory and the new Laboratory of Molecular Biology. According to the late Dr. Beryl Oughton, later Rimmer, they all travelled together in two cars once Dorothy Hodgkin announced to them that they were off to Cambridge to see the model of the structure of DNA. Orgel also later worked with Crick at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. 10.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A: Crick has no assistant in the Cavendish Laboratory.
B: The first Watson/Crick paper appeared in Nature on 1953.
C: Lawrence Bragg gave a talk about new DNA at Guy’s Hospital Medical School.
D: Dorothy Hodgkin was regarded as the most unselfish scientist by the public.
答案: The first Watson/Crick paper appeared in Nature on 1953.
11、单选题：
6. Nobel Prize Winners of Oxford and CambridgeThe universities of Oxford and Cambridge are both known for their Nobel laureates – Oxford has 69 and Cambridge has an astonishing 118, more than any other university in the world except Harvard, and more than any country other than the USA and UK.Here are two of the most interesting and notable Nobel laureates of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.1. Dorothy Hodgkin (Oxford and Cambridge, Chemistry, 1964)The first British woman to win a Nobel prize, Dorothy Hodgkin is a graduate of both Oxford, where she studied for her BSc and then returned as a fellow – and Cambridge, where she studied for her PhD. At the time when she was studying for her BSc in Oxford, she would not have been able to take a degree at Cambridge, which did not grant women full degrees until 1947.Hodgkin’s work was focused around her refinement of the technique of X-ray crystallography, which enabled her to uncover the structure of different biomolecules. This included confirming the structure of penicillin, and discovering the structure of vitamin B12 and later insulin – discoveries which helped to uncover how these biomolecules work. As a tutor at Oxford, Hodgkin taught Margaret Thatcher when she was an undergraduate, and Thatcher later displayed a portrait of Hodgkin in Downing St, though the two women had markedly different political views. Alongside the Nobel prize, her groundbreaking work was recognised with the Order of Merit, which she became only the second woman to receive, after Florence Nightingale, and she was also the first woman to receive the Royal Society’s Copley Medal.2. Amartya Sen (Oxford and Cambridge, Economics, 1998)Born in Bengal in 1933, Amartya Sen was just nine years old when he witnessed the famine of 1943, which killed three million people. Nearly 20 years later, he wrote on poverty and famines, arguing that a famine is not only caused by lack of food – indeed, that in Bengal in 1943 there had been sufficient food to feed the population, had its supply not been affected by British military policies, panic buying and rapid price rises. By then, he was teaching at the University of Oxford – he would later also become Master of Trinity College, Cambridge – and his scholarly approach that combined philosophy with economics have led to him being regarded as one of the world’s leading intellectuals. It was for his work on famine that he was awarded the Nobel Prize.Sen has led on our economic understanding of development and the developing world, providing new means of assessing poverty and the welfare of a population. He has argued that such measures should be used alongside other measures such as GDP and productivity measures, so that governments will be able to assess the impact of their policies on people’s day-to-day lives.11. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: Dorothy Hodgkin is the first British woman to win a Nobel prize.
B: Hodgkin ever taught Margaret Thatcher.
C: A famine is often caused by lack of food.
D: Dorothy Hodgkin was nominated for the Oscar Award.
答案: Dorothy Hodgkin was nominated for the Oscar Award.
12、单选题：
6. Nobel Prize Winners of Oxford and CambridgeThe universities of Oxford and Cambridge are both known for their Nobel laureates – Oxford has 69 and Cambridge has an astonishing 118, more than any other university in the world except Harvard, and more than any country other than the USA and UK.Here are two of the most interesting and notable Nobel laureates of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.1. Dorothy Hodgkin (Oxford and Cambridge, Chemistry, 1964)The first British woman to win a Nobel prize, Dorothy Hodgkin is a graduate of both Oxford, where she studied for her BSc and then returned as a fellow – and Cambridge, where she studied for her PhD. At the time when she was studying for her BSc in Oxford, she would not have been able to take a degree at Cambridge, which did not grant women full degrees until 1947.Hodgkin’s work was focused around her refinement of the technique of X-ray crystallography, which enabled her to uncover the structure of different biomolecules. This included confirming the structure of penicillin, and discovering the structure of vitamin B12 and later insulin – discoveries which helped to uncover how these biomolecules work. As a tutor at Oxford, Hodgkin taught Margaret Thatcher when she was an undergraduate, and Thatcher later displayed a portrait of Hodgkin in Downing St, though the two women had markedly different political views. Alongside the Nobel prize, her groundbreaking work was recognised with the Order of Merit, which she became only the second woman to receive, after Florence Nightingale, and she was also the first woman to receive the Royal Society’s Copley Medal.2. Amartya Sen (Oxford and Cambridge, Economics, 1998)Born in Bengal in 1933, Amartya Sen was just nine years old when he witnessed the famine of 1943, which killed three million people. Nearly 20 years later, he wrote on poverty and famines, arguing that a famine is not only caused by lack of food – indeed, that in Bengal in 1943 there had been sufficient food to feed the population, had its supply not been affected by British military policies, panic buying and rapid price rises. By then, he was teaching at the University of Oxford – he would later also become Master of Trinity College, Cambridge – and his scholarly approach that combined philosophy with economics have led to him being regarded as one of the world’s leading intellectuals. It was for his work on famine that he was awarded the Nobel Prize.Sen has led on our economic understanding of development and the developing world, providing new means of assessing poverty and the welfare of a population. He has argued that such measures should be used alongside other measures such as GDP and productivity measures, so that governments will be able to assess the impact of their policies on people’s day-to-day lives.12. Which one of the following is NOT the achievement of Dorothy Hodgkin?
A: Discovering the structure of vitamin B12 and later insulin.
B: Confirming the structure of penicillin.
C: Confirming the structure of artemisinin.
D: Refinement of the technique of X-ray crystallography.
答案: Confirming the structure of artemisinin.
13、单选题：
7. Oldest Universities in the WorldMost of the oldest universities in the world are located in Europe, and as such, many of the surviving institutions have highly revered academic programs.Universities, or institutions of higher education, have their roots in Europe during medieval times where some of the oldest universities in the world were first founded. The term “university” comes from the word “universitas magistrorum et scholarium” which translates to “community of teachers and scholars.” In most places around the world, the term “university” is granted to institutions by a government agency, but in some places like the United States, there is no national standard for its definition.With its beginnings, the philosophy behind a university is the notion of academic freedom. By the 18th century, universities were publishing research journals. Through the 19th century, religion briefly entered institutions and then became less focused on religion as science became more dominant. As time has progressed, universities have become more accessible to the masses, and today, online institutions like University of the People are helping to make education even more democratic and available to everyone.But where and when were the oldest universities in the world created exactly? Here’s a brief look at some of the oldest institutions.1. University of Bologna – ItalyEstablished in 1088, the University of Bologna holds the title of being the oldest in the world. In the past, the academic offering was only for doctoral degrees, but this has since changed as there are now a range of programs at various levels. There are about 84,200 students enrolled of which 30,000 are postgraduate students.2. University of Oxford – United KingdomCreated somewhere between 1096 to 1167, the University of Oxford is one of the most widely revered institutions in the world. The roster of alumni boasts prime ministers, Nobel laureates, and notable figures like Sir Stephen Hawking. The exact date of its inception is not entirely known, but some history points to the fact that teachings began as early as 1096.3. University of Salamanca – SpainFounded in 1134 with a royal charter in 1218, the University of Salamanca is Spain’s oldest institution. In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus obtained royal support for his expedition that discovered North America on the university’s grounds. Today, over 30,000 students are enrolled across nine campuses.4. University of Paris – FranceMore commonly known as Sorbonne, the University of Paris was founded between 1160 and 1250. Following the French Revolution, the school was on hold from 1793 to 1896. In 1970, it was divided into 13 individual institutions.5. University of Cambridge – United KingdomDue to political conflicts, a group of students left the University of Oxford and created the University of Cambridge in 1209. The 21,600 students that attend the University of Cambridge still hold a rivalry with the University of Oxford that is rooted in its history.There are other universities around the world that were established early and continue to thrive. For example, the oldest university in the United States of America is Harvard, which was created in 1636. Although each university has its own philosophy of teaching, the modern-day university systems has its roots grounded in Europe from way back in the day. 13. What is the philosophy behind a university according to the passage ?
A: The pursuit of truth.
B: The pursuit of beauty.
C: The notion of academic freedom.
D: The notion of equal opportunity.
答案: The notion of academic freedom.
14、单选题：
7. Oldest Universities in the WorldMost of the oldest universities in the world are located in Europe, and as such, many of the surviving institutions have highly revered academic programs.Universities, or institutions of higher education, have their roots in Europe during medieval times where some of the oldest universities in the world were first founded. The term “university” comes from the word “universitas magistrorum et scholarium” which translates to “community of teachers and scholars.” In most places around the world, the term “university” is granted to institutions by a government agency, but in some places like the United States, there is no national standard for its definition.With its beginnings, the philosophy behind a university is the notion of academic freedom. By the 18th century, universities were publishing research journals. Through the 19th century, religion briefly entered institutions and then became less focused on religion as science became more dominant. As time has progressed, universities have become more accessible to the masses, and today, online institutions like University of the People are helping to make education even more democratic and available to everyone.But where and when were the oldest universities in the world created exactly? Here’s a brief look at some of the oldest institutions.1. University of Bologna – ItalyEstablished in 1088, the University of Bologna holds the title of being the oldest in the world. In the past, the academic offering was only for doctoral degrees, but this has since changed as there are now a range of programs at various levels. There are about 84,200 students enrolled of which 30,000 are postgraduate students.2. University of Oxford – United KingdomCreated somewhere between 1096 to 1167, the University of Oxford is one of the most widely revered institutions in the world. The roster of alumni boasts prime ministers, Nobel laureates, and notable figures like Sir Stephen Hawking. The exact date of its inception is not entirely known, but some history points to the fact that teachings began as early as 1096.3. University of Salamanca – SpainFounded in 1134 with a royal charter in 1218, the University of Salamanca is Spain’s oldest institution. In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus obtained royal support for his expedition that discovered North America on the university’s grounds. Today, over 30,000 students are enrolled across nine campuses.4. University of Paris – FranceMore commonly known as Sorbonne, the University of Paris was founded between 1160 and 1250. Following the French Revolution, the school was on hold from 1793 to 1896. In 1970, it was divided into 13 individual institutions.5. University of Cambridge – United KingdomDue to political conflicts, a group of students left the University of Oxford and created the University of Cambridge in 1209. The 21,600 students that attend the University of Cambridge still hold a rivalry with the University of Oxford that is rooted in its history.There are other universities around the world that were established early and continue to thrive. For example, the oldest university in the United States of America is Harvard, which was created in 1636. Although each university has its own philosophy of teaching, the modern-day university systems has its roots grounded in Europe from way back in the day.14. Which one of the following is the oldest university in the world?
A: University of Paris.
B: University of Salamanca.
C: University of Oxford.
D: University of Bologna.
答案: University of Bologna.
15、单选题：
8. Oxford, City of Dreaming SpiresOxford is the county town of Oxfordshire and famous worldwide for its prestigious university, the oldest in the English-speaking world. In his poem ‘Thyrsis’ the Victorian poet Matthew Arnold called Oxford ‘the city of dreaming spires’ after the stunning architecture of these university buildings.Two rivers run through Oxford, the Cherwell and the Thames (Isis), and it is from this riverside situation that Oxford got its name in Saxon times, ‘Oxenaforda’ or ‘Ford of the Oxen’. In the 10th century Oxford became an important frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was also strategically important to the Normans who in 1071 built a castle there, first in timber and later in the 11th century, in stone. Oxford Castle played an important part in The Anarchy in 1142 when Matilda was imprisoned there, and later, like many other castles, was mostly destroyed during the English Civil War.The University of Oxford is first mentioned in the 12th century although the exact date of its foundation is unknown. The University expanded rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris and the returning students settled in Oxford. However, in 1209 a student fled the city after apparently murdering his mistress, and the townsfolk retaliated（报复） by hanging two students. The ensuing riots resulted in some academics fleeing to nearby Cambridge and establishing the University of Cambridge. The relationship between “town and gown” was often uneasy – as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.Oxford is a collegiate university, made up of 38 colleges and six permanent private halls. The oldest of Oxford’s colleges are University College, Balliol, and Merton, established sometime between 1249 and 1264. Founded by Henry VIII with Cardinal Wolsey, Christ Church is the largest Oxford college and uniquely, the Cathedral seat of Oxford. Most of the colleges are open to the public, but visitors should check opening times. As the colleges are in use by students, visitors are asked to respect the areas marked as private.The historic centre of Oxford is small enough to explore on foot and within easy walking distance of the bus and rail stations. There are many ways to discover this beautiful city: open bus tours, walking tours, river cruises and you can even hire a punt or a rowing boat from Folly Bridge, Magdalen Bridge or Cherwell Boathouse.One of the most iconic buildings in Oxford is The Radcliffe Camera in Radcliffe Square with its distinctive circular dome and drum. Built in 1749 to house the Radcliffe Science Library, the Radcliffe Camera (camera is another word for ‘room’) is now a reading room for the Bodleian Library.Officially opened in 1683, Oxford’s Ashmolean Museum on Beaumont Street is Britain’s oldest public museum and possibly the world’s oldest museum. It is home to Oxford University’s art and archaeology collections and admission is free.Completed in 1914 to connect two parts of Hertford College, Hertford Bridge is often called the Bridge of Sighs because of the similarity to the famous bridge in Venice. Actually it was never intended to be a replica of any existing bridge.Oxford’s beautiful historic centre has starred in many films and television series. Scenes from the Harry Potter films were shot at Oxford University; the Great Hall was the setting for Hogwart’s dining room and the Library doubled as Hogwart’s Infirmary.But Oxford is most firmly associated with TV’s ‘Inspector Morse’. It was the setting, and some might say one of the stars, of the TV series.15. What does the underlined phrase “town and gown” refer to?
A: People not at and at university.
B: The people who live in a town and the people who belong to the university in that town.
C: The residents of the town and the teachers in the university in that town.
D: Teachers and students in the same university.
答案: The people who live in a town and the people who belong to the university in that town.
16、单选题：
8. Oxford, City of Dreaming SpiresOxford is the county town of Oxfordshire and famous worldwide for its prestigious university, the oldest in the English-speaking world. In his poem ‘Thyrsis’ the Victorian poet Matthew Arnold called Oxford ‘the city of dreaming spires’ after the stunning architecture of these university buildings.Two rivers run through Oxford, the Cherwell and the Thames (Isis), and it is from this riverside situation that Oxford got its name in Saxon times, ‘Oxenaforda’ or ‘Ford of the Oxen’. In the 10th century Oxford became an important frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was also strategically important to the Normans who in 1071 built a castle there, first in timber and later in the 11th century, in stone. Oxford Castle played an important part in The Anarchy in 1142 when Matilda was imprisoned there, and later, like many other castles, was mostly destroyed during the English Civil War.The University of Oxford is first mentioned in the 12th century although the exact date of its foundation is unknown. The University expanded rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris and the returning students settled in Oxford. However, in 1209 a student fled the city after apparently murdering his mistress, and the townsfolk retaliated（报复） by hanging two students. The ensuing riots resulted in some academics fleeing to nearby Cambridge and establishing the University of Cambridge. The relationship between “town and gown” was often uneasy – as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.Oxford is a collegiate university, made up of 38 colleges and six permanent private halls. The oldest of Oxford’s colleges are University College, Balliol, and Merton, established sometime between 1249 and 1264. Founded by Henry VIII with Cardinal Wolsey, Christ Church is the largest Oxford college and uniquely, the Cathedral seat of Oxford. Most of the colleges are open to the public, but visitors should check opening times. As the colleges are in use by students, visitors are asked to respect the areas marked as private.The historic centre of Oxford is small enough to explore on foot and within easy walking distance of the bus and rail stations. There are many ways to discover this beautiful city: open bus tours, walking tours, river cruises and you can even hire a punt or a rowing boat from Folly Bridge, Magdalen Bridge or Cherwell Boathouse.One of the most iconic buildings in Oxford is The Radcliffe Camera in Radcliffe Square with its distinctive circular dome and drum. Built in 1749 to house the Radcliffe Science Library, the Radcliffe Camera (camera is another word for ‘room’) is now a reading room for the Bodleian Library.Officially opened in 1683, Oxford’s Ashmolean Museum on Beaumont Street is Britain’s oldest public museum and possibly the world’s oldest museum. It is home to Oxford University’s art and archaeology collections and admission is free.Completed in 1914 to connect two parts of Hertford College, Hertford Bridge is often called the Bridge of Sighs because of the similarity to the famous bridge in Venice. Actually it was never intended to be a replica of any existing bridge.Oxford’s beautiful historic centre has starred in many films and television series. Scenes from the Harry Potter films were shot at Oxford University; the Great Hall was the setting for Hogwart’s dining room and the Library doubled as Hogwart’s Infirmary.But Oxford is most firmly associated with TV’s ‘Inspector Morse’. It was the setting, and some might say one of the stars, of the TV series.16. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE?
A: The University of Oxford is the oldest in the English-speaking world.
B: Visitors are allowed to look around the University of Oxford.
C: The Radcliffe Camera is a well-known camera.
D: Some scenes from the Harry Potter films were shot at Oxford University.
答案: The Radcliffe Camera is a well-known camera.
17、单选题：
9. Eton CollegeSituated in Eton, near Windsor in England, north of Windsor Castle, Eton College is an independent boarding school for boys aged between 13 and 18 with an annual charge of 26,490 pound.As one of the oldest schools in the UK, it was founded by Henry IV in 1440 and its initial purpose was to provide free education for pupils from poor families who could not afford private tutors. It gradually developed into an elite school at the 17th century.The schools has cultivated numerous elites in various fields due to the high academic standard and the strict management. It has given birth to 19 British prime ministers with David Cameron as the 19th one and countless figures from the world’s royalty including Prince William and Harry. Other notable alumni include writers Henry Fielding, Percy Shelley, George Orwell and economist John Keynes. Among approximately 250 Eton graduates each year, over 70 of them go to Oxford and Cambridge and 70% of them are admitted to top universities around the world.Eton is not only famous for its elite students, but also for the ancient traditions that it has kept for over 600 years. The school uniform, which is first worn as a morning dress for the death of George III, is made up of a black tailcoat and waistcoat, white shirt, pinstriped trousers and leather shoes.The earliest records of school life date from the 16th century and paint a picture of a regimented and Spartan life. Scholars were awakened at 5 am, chanted prayers whilst they dressed, and were at work in Lower School by 6 am. All teaching was in Latin and lessons were supervised by “praepostors”, senior boys appointed by the headmaster. There was a single hour of play, though even at that time football appears to have been popular, for a sentence set for Latin translation in 1519 was “We will play with a bag full of wynde”. Lessons finished at 8 pm and there were only two holidays, each of three weeks duration at Christmas (when the scholars remained at Eton) and in the Summer. These holidays divided the school year into two “halves” a word which has survived despite the change to a three-term year in the 18th century. 17. The underlined word “elites” can be replaced by ________.
A: Poor people.
B: Plain people.
C: Outstanding people.
D: Arrogant people.
答案: Outstanding people.
18、单选题：
9. Eton CollegeSituated in Eton, near Windsor in England, north of Windsor Castle, Eton College is an independent boarding school for boys aged between 13 and 18 with an annual charge of 26,490 pound.As one of the oldest schools in the UK, it was founded by Henry IV in 1440 and its initial purpose was to provide free education for pupils from poor families who could not afford private tutors. It gradually developed into an elite school at the 17th century.The schools has cultivated numerous elites in various fields due to the high academic standard and the strict management. It has given birth to 19 British prime ministers with David Cameron as the 19th one and countless figures from the world’s royalty including Prince William and Harry. Other notable alumni include writers Henry Fielding, Percy Shelley, George Orwell and economist John Keynes. Among approximately 250 Eton graduates each year, over 70 of them go to Oxford and Cambridge and 70% of them are admitted to top universities around the world.Eton is not only famous for its elite students, but also for the ancient traditions that it has kept for over 600 years. The school uniform, which is first worn as a morning dress for the death of George III, is made up of a black tailcoat and waistcoat, white shirt, pinstriped trousers and leather shoes.The earliest records of school life date from the 16th century and paint a picture of a regimented and Spartan life. Scholars were awakened at 5 am, chanted prayers whilst they dressed, and were at work in Lower School by 6 am. All teaching was in Latin and lessons were supervised by “praepostors”, senior boys appointed by the headmaster. There was a single hour of play, though even at that time football appears to have been popular, for a sentence set for Latin translation in 1519 was “We will play with a bag full of wynde”. Lessons finished at 8 pm and there were only two holidays, each of three weeks duration at Christmas (when the scholars remained at Eton) and in the Summer. These holidays divided the school year into two “halves” a word which has survived despite the change to a three-term year in the 18th century.18. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A: Eton College is only for boys.
B: Eton College is not an elite school in the beginning.
C: Over 70% of Eton graduates go to Oxford and Cambridge.
D: The school uniform of Eton College is famous.
答案: Over 70% of Eton graduates go to Oxford and Cambridge.
19、单选题：
10. Xu Zhimo memorial garden at King’s College Cambridge opens to publicChinese poet Xu Zhimo’s memorial garden opened at King’s College Cambridge in England on Friday, during the fourth annual Cambridge Xu Zhimo Poetry and Art Festival. Dozens of poets from China and Britain gathered in the garden, reading their own works on the theme of Birds and Gardens.Xu Zhimo was an early 20th-century Chinese poet. In 1921, Xu studied at King’s College Cambridge. His best-known poem, “A Second Farewell to Cambridge,” was written in 1928, after Xu’s third visit to Cambridge. It is filled with longings for Cambridge, his love of England and its poetry.90 years later, a Chinese garden named after Xu Zhimo’s was designed and built at King’s College Cambridge. It is the first Chinese garden built inside any college campus in Cambridge.The garden center is shaped as Yin an
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